DOI: 10.1055/s-00000181

Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base

Issue S 02 · Volume 83 · June 2022 DOI: 10.1055/s-012-54262

Original Article

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Alahmari, Mohammed; Alkherayf, Fahad; Lasso, Andrea; Banaz, Fatmahalzahra; Mohajeri, Sepideh; Masoudian, Pourya; Lamothe, Andre; Agbi, Charles; Caulley, Lisa; Alshardan, Mohammad; Kilty, Shaun: Recovery of Cranial Nerve Deficits in Patients Presenting with Pituitary Apoplexy: A Case Series
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Yawn, Robert J.; Nassiri, Ashley M.; Harris, Jacqueline E.; Manzoor, Nauman F.; Godil, Saniya; Haynes, David S.; Bennett, Marc L.; Weaver, Sheena M.: Reducing ICU Length of Stay: The Impact of a Multidisciplinary Perioperative Pathway in Vestibular Schwannoma
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Cho, Sung-Woo; Han, Sang Y.; Song, Yoonjae; Kim, Jeong-Whun; Kim, Hyun J.; Kim, Dong-Young; Rhee, Chae-Seo; Bae, Yun J.; Kim, Ji-hoon; Wu, Hong-Gyun; Bang, Jae S.; Won, Tae-Bin: Aggressive Treatment Including Endonasal Surgical Sequestrectomy with Vascularized Nasoseptal Flap Can Improve Outcomes of Skull Base Osteoradionecrosis
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Aljuboori, Zaid; Nuru, Mohammed; Sharma, Mayur; Andaluz, Norberto: Predictors of the Size and Surgical Freedom of the Trans-Cribriform and Trans-Clival Corridors, a Radiographic Analysis
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Huang, Vincent; Miranda, Stephen P.; Dimentberg, Ryan; Shultz, Kaitlyn; McClintock, Scott D.; Malhotra, Neil R.: Effect of Household Income on Short-Term Outcomes Following Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Resection
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Komune, Noritaka; Kuga, Daisuke; Matsuo, Satoshi; Miyazaki, Masaru; Noda, Teppei; Sato, Kuniaki; Hongo, Takahiro; Koike, Kensuke; Uchi, Ryutaro; Kogo, Ryunosuke; Tsuchihashi, Nana Akagi; Masuda, Shogo; Nakagawa, Takashi: Clinical Analysis of En Bloc Resection for Advanced Temporal Bone Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Iuliano, Sherry L.; Bi, Wenya Linda; Laws, Edward R.: Changes in the Options for Management of Prolactin Secreting Pituitary Adenomas
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Levin, Marc; Wu, Vincent; Lee, Daniel J.; Cusimano, Michael D.; Lee, John M.: Validity and Usefulness of YouTube Videos Related to Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery for Patient Information
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Singh, Suyash; Das, Kuntal Kanti; Kumar, Krishna; Rangari, Kamlesh; Dikshit, Priyadarshi; Bhaisora, Kamlesh Singh; Sardhara, Jayesh; Mehrotra, Anant; Srivastava, Arun Kumar; Jaiswal, Awadhesh Kumar; Behari, Sanjay: Cerebellopontine Angle Epidermoids: Comparative Results of Microscopic and Endoscopic Excision Using the Retromastoid Approach”
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Kusyk, Dorian M.; Mao, Gordon; Dabecco, Rocco; Yu, Alexander K.: Case Series of Skull Base Meningioma Resection in the Octogenarian Population
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Serindere, Gozde; Gunduz, Kaan; Avsever, Hakan: Morphological Measurement and Anatomical Variations of the Clivus Using Computed Tomography
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Li, Lifeng; London, Nyall R.; Prevedello, Daniel M.; Carrau, Ricardo L.: Anatomical Variants of Post-ganglionic Fibers within the Pterygopalatine Fossa: Implications for Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
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Gerges, Christina; Malloy, Patrick; Rabah, Nicholas; Defta, Dana; Duan, Yifei; Wright, Christina H.; van Keulen, Marte; Wright, James; Mowry, Sarah; Megerian, Cliff A.; Bambakidis, Nicholas: Functional Outcomes and Postoperative Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis after Translabyrinthine Approach for Vestibular Schwannoma Resection: A Radiographic Demonstration of Anatomic Predictors
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Sooltangos, Aïsha; Bodi, Istvan; Ghimire, Prajwal; Barkas, Konstantinos; Al-Barazi, Sinan; Thomas, Nick; Maratos, Eleni C.: Do All Notochordal Lesions Require Proton Beam Radiotherapy? A Proposed Reclassification of Ecchordosis Physaliphora as Benign Notochord Cell Tumor
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Graffeo, Christopher S; Perry, Avital; Carlstrom, Lucas P; Peris-Celda, Maria; Alexander, Amy; Dickens, Hunter J; Holroyd, Michael J; Driscoll, Colin L W; Link, Michael J; Morris, Jonathan: 3D Printing for Complex Cranial Surgery Education: Technical Overview and Preliminary Validation Study
Supplementary Material
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Baig Mirza, Asfand; Ravindran, Visagan; Okasha, Mohamed; Boardman, Timothy Martyn; Maratos, Eleni; Sinan, Barazi; Thomas, Nick: Systematic Review Comparing Open versus Endoscopic Surgery in Clival Chordomas and a 10-Year Single-Center Experience
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Eguiluz-Melendez, Aldo; Torres-Bayona, Sergio; Vega, María Belen; Hernández-Hernández, Vanessa; Wang, Erik W.; Snyderman, Carl H.; Gardner, Paul A.: Keyhole Endoscopic-Assisted Transcervical Approach to the Upper and Middle Retrostyloid Parapharyngeal Space: An Anatomic Feasibility Study
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Riedy, Loren N.; Heiferman, Daniel M.; Szujewski, Caroline C.; Malina, Giselle EK.; Rezaii, Elhaum G.; Martin, Brendan; Grahnke, Kurt A.; Doerrler, Michael; Leonetti, John P.; Anderson, Douglas E.: Occipital Neuralgia following Acoustic Neuroma Resection
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Mady, Leila J.; Kaffenberger, Thomas M.; Baddour, Khalil; Melder, Katie; Godse, Neal R.; Gardner, Paul; Snyderman, Carl H.; Solari, Mario G.; Kubik, Mark W.; Wang, Eric W.; Sridharan, Shaum: Anatomic Considerations of Microvascular Free Tissue Transfer in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
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Butterfield, John T.; Araki, Takako; Guillaume, Daniel; Tummala, Ramachandra; Caicedo-Granados, Emiro; Tyler, Matthew A.; Venteicher, Andrew S.: Estimating Risk of Pituitary Apoplexy after Resection of Giant Pituitary Adenomas
Supplementary Material
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Hallén, Tobias; Olsson, Daniel S; Farahmand, Dan; Esposito, Daniela; Olofsson, Ann-Charlotte; Jakobsson, Sofie; Jakobsson Ung, Eva; Sahlstrand-Johnson, Pernilla; Johannsson, Gudmundur; Skoglund, Thomas; Bergquist, Henrik: Sinonasal Symptoms and Self-Reported Health before and after Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery—A Prospective Study
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Dastagirzada, Yosef; Klauberg, Olga; Sheerin, Kathleen; Lieberman, Seth; Lebowitz, Richard; McMenomey, Sean; Sen, Chandranath; Roland, J Thomas; Golfinos, John G.; Pacione, Donato: Skull Base Aerosol Generating Cases Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Experience from the Epicenter
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Ruiz-Garcia, Henry; Trifiletti, Daniel M.; Mohammed, Nasser; Hung, Yi-Chieh; Xu, Zhiyuan; Chytka, Tomas; Liscak, Roman; Tripathi, Manjul; Arsanious, David; Cifarelli, Christopher P.; Caceres, Marco Perez; Mathieu, David; Speckter, Herwin; Mehta, Gautam U.; Lekovic, Gregory P.; Sheehan, Jason P.: Skull Base Meningiomas in Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 2: An International Multicenter Study Evaluating Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Supplementary Material
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Mohindra, Sandeep; Tripathi, Manjul; Batish, Aman; Kapoor, Ankur; Patil, Ninad Ramesh; Mahendru, Shaurya; Ahuja, Chirag; Chatterjee, Debajyoti: Primary Calvarial Ewing Sarcoma: A Case Series
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Keulen, Marte van; Pace, Jonathan; Burant, Christopher J.; Penn, David L.; Wilson, Betsy; Ronald, Andrew; Mowry, Sarah E.; Megerian, Cliff A.; Bambakidis, Nicholas C.: Vision Deterioration and Hydrocephalus: Rare Presentations of Vestibular Schwannoma and Evolution of Management
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Raymond, Mallory; Soriano, Roberto M.; Belcher, Ryan; Pradilla, Gustavo; Solares, C. Arturo: Three-Dimensional Exoscopic Temporal Bone Resections for Advanced Head and Neck Cancer
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Constanzo, Felipe; Teixeira, Bernardo Corrêa de Almeida; Sens, Patricia; Escuissato, Dante; Ramina, Ricardo: Relationship between Signal Intensity of the Labyrinth and Cochleovestibular Testing and Morphologic Features of Vestibular Schwannoma
Supplementary Material
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Mehta, Gautam U.; Kim, H. Jeffery; Gidley, Paul W.; Daniels, Anthony B.; Miller, Mia E.; Lekovic, Gregory P.; Butman, John A.; Lonser, Russell R.: Endolymphatic Sac Tumor Screening and Diagnosis in von Hippel-Lindau Disease: A Consensus Statement
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Salgado-Lopez, Laura; Perry, Avital; Graffeo, Christopher S.; Carlstrom, Lucas P.; Leonel, Luciano C.P.C.; Driscoll, Colin L.W.; Link, Michael J.; Peris-Celda, Maria: Anatomical Step-by-Step Dissection of Complex Skull Base Approaches for Trainees: Surgical Anatomy of the Middle Fossa Approaches and Anterior Petrosectomy, Surgical Principles, and Illustrative Cases
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Abarca-Olivas, Javier; Bärtschi, Patrick; Monjas-Cánovas, Irene; González-López, Pablo; García-Garrigós, Elena; Sánchez-Payá, Jose; Moreno-López, Pedro: Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of the Sphenoid Sinus Anatomy for Presurgical Planning with Free OSIRIX Software
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Raghu, Ashley L. B.; Everson, Megan C.; Helal, Ahmed; Kiyofuji, Satoshi; Clarke, Michelle J.; Link, Michael J.: Delayed Craniospinal Metastasis of Aggressive Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas as Pituitary Carcinomas
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Nebor, Ivanna; Hussein, Ahmed E.; Montemagno, Kora; Fumagalli, Rebecca; Labiad, Ikrame; Xu, Alice; Anderson, Zoe; Patil, Yash; Sedaghat, Ahmad R.; Forbes, Jonathan A.: Primary Dural Repair via an Endoscopic Endonasal Corridor: Preliminary Development of a 3D-Printed Model for Training
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Cohen-Cohen, Salomon; Scheitler, Kristen M.; Choby, Garret; Janus, Jeffrey; Moore, Eric J.; Kasperbauer, Jan L.; Cloft, Harry J.; Link, Michael; Gompel, Jamie J. Van: Contemporary Surgical Management of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
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Aibar-Durán, Juan Á.; Oladotun-Anka, Michael; Asencio-Cortés, Carlos; Valassi, Elena; Webb, Susan; Gras-Cabrerizo, Juan R.; Monserrat-Gili, Joan; Ribó, Pere Tresserras; Muñoz-Hernández, Fernando: Complication Rates after Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery for ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas: A Comparative Analysis with GH and Nonfunctioning Adenomas
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Kim, Minsoo; Park, Sang-Ku; Lee, Seunghoon; Lee, Jeong-A; Park, Kwan: Prevention of Superior Petrosal Vein Injury during Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia: Operative Nuances
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Zhou, Yuefei; Hei, Yue; Soto, Jose M.; Jin, Tao; Jiang, Xiaofan; Feng, Dongxia; Liu, Weiping; Gao, Dakuan: Clinical Efficacy of the Multilayered Skull Base Reconstruction Using In Situ Bone Flap in Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Craniopharyngioma
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Kockro, Ralf A.; Schwandt, Eike; Ringel, Florian; Eisenring, Christian Valentin; Nowinski, Wieslaw Lucjan: Operative Anatomy of the Skull Base: 3D Exploration with a Highly Detailed Interactive Atlas
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Milton, Camille K.; Bien, Alexander G.; Krempl, Greg A.; Sanclement, Jose A.; Mhawej, Rachad; Glenn, Chad A.: Primary Dural Repair Using Titanium Microclips Following Lateral Skull Base Surgery
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Carle, Taylor R.; Wung, Vivian; Heaney, Anthony P.; Chiu, Harvey K.; Suh, Jeffrey D.; Bergsneider, Marvin; Wang, Marilene B.: Sinonasal Symptom Outcomes following Endoscopic Anterior Cranial Base Surgery in the Pediatric Population
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Torres-Bayona, Sergio; Velasquez, Nathalia; Nakassa, Ana; Eguiluz-Melendez, Aldo; Hernandez, Vanessa; Vega, Belen; Borghei-Razavi, Hamid; Miranda-Acosta, Yeiris; Wang, Eric W.; Snyderman, Carl H.; Gardner, Paul A.: Risk Factors and Reconstruction Techniques for Persistent Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to the Posterior Fossa
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Basma, Jaafar; Anagnostopoulos, Christos; Tudose, Andrei; Harty, Mikhail; Michael, L. Madison; Teo, Mario; Porter, David G.: History, Variations, and Extensions of the Retrosigmoid Approach: Anatomical and Literature Review
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Wei, Xuefeng; Wang, Jiao; Kong, Xuerui; Gao, Caibin; Wang, Feng: Effect of Microvascular Decompression of the Vagus Root Entry/Exit Zone on Blood Pressure in Patients with Hemifacial Spasm Associated with Essential Hypertension: A Retrospective Clinical Analysis
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Yeole, Ujwal; Prabhuraj, A. R.; Arivazhagan, Arimappamagan; Narasingarao, K. V. L.; Vazhayil, Vikas; Bhat, Dhananjaya; Srinivas, Dwarakanath; Govindswamy, Bhanumathi; Sampath, Somanna: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Large Vestibular Schwannoma More Than 10 cm3: A Single-Center Indian Study
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Lenze, Nicholas R.; Quinsey, Carolyn; Sasaki-Adams, Deanna; Ewend, Matthew G.; Thorp, Brian D.; Ebert, Charles S.; Zanation, Adam M.: Comparative Outcomes by Surgical Approach in Patients with Malignant Sinonasal Disease
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Andersson, Agnes; Hallén, Tobias; Olsson, Daniel S.; Farahmand, Dan; Olofsson, Ann-Charlotte; Jakobsson Ung, Eva; Jakobsson, Sofie; Bergquist, Henrik; Johannsson, Gudmundur; Ragnarsson, Oskar; Skoglund, Thomas: Headache Before and After Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Tumor Surgery: A Prospective Study
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Santori, Alejandro Mercado; Arancibia, María Sol; Andaluz, Norberto: Fresh Cadaver Simulation Model with Continuous Extracorporeal Circulation as a Training Platform for Intracranial High-Flow Bypass: Technical Note and Rheologic Feasibility Evaluation
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Pinheiro-Neto, Carlos D.; Salgado-Lopez, Laura; Leonel, Luciano C.P.C.; Aydin, Serdar O.; Peris-Celda, Maria: Endoscopic Endonasal Approaches to the Clivus with No Violation of the Nasopharynx: Surgical Anatomy and Clinical Illustration
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Mattogno, Pier Paolo; Marciano, Filippo; Catalino, Michael P.; Mattavelli, Davide; Cocca, Paola; Lopomo, Nicola Francesco; Nicolai, Piero; Laws, Edward R.; Witterick, Ian; Raza, Shaan M.; Devaiah, Anand K.; Lauretti, Liverana; Olivi, Alessandro; Fontanella, Marco M.; Gentili, Fred; Doglietto, Francesco: Ergonomics in Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Survey of the North American Skull Base Society
Supplementary Material S1 Supplementary Material S2
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Carmel Neiderman, Narin Nard; Wengier, Anat; Dominsky, Omri; Ringel, Barak; Warshavsky, Anton; Horowitz, Gilad; Baran, Tomer Ziv; Ram, Zvi; Grossman, Rachel; Fliss, Dan Marian; Avraham, Abergel: A Prospective Evaluation of Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Extended Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery for Benign Pituitary Gland Lesion
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Kim, Jun; Plitt, Aaron R; Vance, Awais; Connors, Scott; Caruso, James; Welch, Babu; Garzon-Muvdi, Tomas: Endoscopic Endonasal versus Transcranial Optic Canal Decompression: A Morphometric, Cadaveric Study
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Gill, Amarbir S.; Biggs, Philip C.; Hagwood, Garrett; Beliveau, Angela M.; Shahlaie, Kiarash; Strong, E. B.; Steele, Toby O.: Health Literacy and Web-Based Audiovisual Multimedia in Pituitary and Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery
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Ghiam, Michael K.; Chyou, Darius E.; Dable, Cortney L.; Katz, Andrew P.; Eichberg, Daniel G.; Zhang, Hang; Ayala, Alejandro R.; Kargi, Atil Y.; Komotar, Ricardo J.; Sargi, Zoukaa: 30-Day Readmissions and Coordination of Care Following Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery: Experience with 409 Patients
Supplementary Material
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Amarouche, Meriem; Rashid, Samin; Eraifej, John; Borg, Anouk; Halliday, Jane; Warner, Orlando J.; Cudlip, Simon A.: Safety of Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Comparison to the Pre-Pandemic Era
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Shin, Chul Ho; Lee, Ho Jun; Chung, Yoo-Sam; Kim, Ji Heui: Treatment Outcomes of Sinonasal Malignancies Involving the Orbit
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Chibbaro, Salvatore; Cebula, Helene; Zaed, Ismail; Gubian, Arthur; Todeschi, Julien; Scibilia, Antonino; Nannavecchia, Beniamino; Scheer, Louise; Bozzi, Maria Teresa; Mahoudeau, Pierre; Coca, Andres; Signorelli, Francesco; Djennaoui, Idir; Debry, Christian; Ganau, Mario: A Laboratory Investigation on a Tailored Skin and Muscle Flap Variant for the Retrosigmoid Approach
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Rayan, Tarek; Helal, Ahmed; Graffeo, Christopher S.; Perry, Avital; Carlstrom, Lucas P.; Driscoll, Colin L. W.; Link, Michael J.: Cerebrovascular Complications of Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery
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Spillinger, Aviv; Allen, Meredith; Karabon, Patrick; Hojjat, Houmehr; Shenouda, Kerolos; Hussein, Inaya Hajj; Jacob, Jeffrey T.; Svider, Peter F.; Folbe, Adam J.: Cost-Effectiveness of Routine Type and Screens in Select Endonasal Skull Base Surgeries
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Kraft, Daniel O.; Carey, Ryan M.; Prasad, Aman; Rajasekaran, Karthik; Kohanski, Michael A.; Kennedy, David W.; Palmer, James N.; Adappa, Nithin D.; Newman, Jason G.; Brant, Jason A.: Prognosis of Distant Metastatic Sites in Anterior Skull Base Malignancies
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Basma, Jaafar; Mahoney, Dom E.; Anagnostopoulos, Christos; Michael, L. Madison; Sorenson, Jeffrey M.; Porter, David G.; Pichierri, Angelo: The Asterion-to-Transverse Process of the Atlas Line as a Surgical Landmark
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Liu, Jianfeng; Pinheiro-Neto, Carlos D.; Yang, Dazhang; Wang, Eric; Gardner, Paul A.; Hirsch, Barry E.; Snyderman, Carl H.; Fernandez-Miranda, Juan C.: Comparison of Endoscopic Endonasal Approach and Lateral Microsurgical Infratemporal Fossa Approach to the Jugular Foramen: An Anatomical Study
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Takahashi, Kuniyuki; Morita, Yuka; Ogi, Manabu; Nonomura, Yoriko; Kitazawa, Meiko; Yagi, Chihiro; Yamagishi, Tatsuya; Ohshima, Shinsuke; Izumi, Shuji; Horii, Arata: Optimal Diagnostic Criteria and a Staging System for Otogenic Skull Base Osteomyelitis
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Shaikh, Noah; O'Brien, Daniel; Makary, Chadi; Turner, Meghan: Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Angiography for Assessing Flap Perfusion in Skull Base Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Supplementary Material
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Slot, Emma M.H.; Sabaoglu, Rengin; Voormolen, Eduard H.J.; Hoving, Eelco W.; van Doormaal, Tristan P.C.: Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak after Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Supplementary Material
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Konuthula, Neeraja; Abuzeid, Waleed M.; Humphreys, Ian M.; Bly, Randall A.; Moe, Kris: Endoscopic Paramaxillary Approach to the Infratemporal Fossa and Pterygomaxillary Space: Computer Modeling Analysis and Clinical Series
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Shaikh, Noah; Makary, Chadi A.; Ryan, Lindsey; Reyes, Camilo: Treatment Outcomes for Osteoradionecrosis of the Central Skull Base: A Systematic Review
Supplementary Material
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Przybylowski, Colin J.; Hendricks, Benjamin K.; Furey, Charuta G.; DiDomenico, Joseph D.; Porter, Randall W.; Sanai, Nader; Almefty, Kaith K.; Little, Andrew S.: Residual Tumor Volume and Tumor Progression after Subtotal Resection and Observation of WHO Grade I Skull Base Meningiomas
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Li, Lifeng; London, Nyall R.; Prevedello, Daniel M.; Carrau, Ricardo L.: An Endoscopic Endonasal Nasopharyngectomy with Posterolateral Extension
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Aabedi, Alexander A.; Young, Jacob S.; Phelps, Ryan R. L.; Winkler, Ethan A.; McDermott, Michael W.; Theodosopoulos, Philip V.: Comparison of Outcomes following Primary and Repeat Resection of Craniopharyngioma
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Perkins, Sidney J.; Gao, Rebecca; Glazer, Tiffany A.; Zhao, Cher X.; Basura, Gregory; McKean, Erin L.: Treatment and Prognosis of Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Skull Base
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Leuze, Christoph; Neves, Caio A.; Gomez, Alejandro M.; Navab, Nassir; Blevins, Nikolas; Vaisbuch, Yona; McNab, Jennifer A.: Augmented Reality for Retrosigmoid Craniotomy Planning
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Zhao, Xiaochun; McKenzie, Daniel M.; Pelargos, Panayiotis E.; Palejwala, Ali H.; Dunn, Ian F.: Vidian Canal as a Transcranial Landmark: Anatomy, Technique, and Illustrative Cases
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Tadokoro, Kent; Wolf, Colten; Toth, Joseph; Joyce, Cara; Singh, Meharvan; Germanwala, Anand; Patel, Chirag: Ki-67/MIB-1 and Recurrence in Pituitary Adenoma
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Siu, Alan; Rangarajan, Sanjeet; Karsy, Michael; Farrell, Christopher J.; Nyquist, Gurston; Rosen, Marc; Evans, James J.: Predictive Clinical and Surgical Factors Associated with Recurrent Apoplexy in Pituitary Adenomas
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Montaser, Alaa S.; Cho, Elise Y.; Catalino, Michael P.; Hanna, Jack; Smith, Timothy R.; Laws, Edward R.: A Surgical Perspective on the Association between Cystic Lesions of the Pineal Gland (Descartes' Seat of the Soul) and the Pituitary (the Master Gland)

Review Article

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Stastna, Daniela; Mannion, Richard; Axon, Patrick; Moffat, David Andrew; Donnelly, Neil; Tysome, James R.; Hardy, David G.; Bance, Mahonar; Joannides, Alexis; Lawes, Indu; Macfarlane, Robert: Facial Nerve Function Outcome and Risk Factors in Resection of Large Cystic Vestibular Schwannomas