Aktuelle Ernährungsmedizin 2024; 49(06): 476-489
DOI: 10.1055/a-2157-8898
CME-Fortbildung

Entzündungskrankheiten: Was leistet eine antientzündliche Ernährung?

Inflammatory Diseases: What Does an Anti-Inflammatory Diet Do?
,
Maya Dörge
,
Matthias Laudes

Um Entzündungszustände zu reduzieren, gilt es, unerwünschte inflammatorische Reize zu vermeiden. Dieser Beitrag zeigt auf, wie dies mit einem antientzündlichen Ernährungsmanagement gelingt.

Abstract

Nutrition is currently a widely discussed topic as a critical component of a healthy lifestyle. There is a growing interest in utilizing nutrition and anti-inflammatory foods to manage or alleviate inflammatory diseases. There are no strict guidelines for an anti-inflammatory diet; instead, it is recommended to consume a variety of anti-inflammatory foods daily. These foods are rich in antioxidants, phytochemicals, and dietary fiber, which can help inhibit inflammatory signals and promote a diverse gut microbiota [1]. A highly inflammatory diet comprises processed foods, fast foods, convenience products, snacks, and sugary soft drinks. The interest in anti-inflammatory diets has gained attention in print media, television, and social media due to the increased number of related articles. However, treating inflammatory diseases remains a significant challenge.



Publication History

Article published online:
05 December 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 
  • Literatur

  • 1 Vazhappilly CG, Ansari SA, Al-Jaleeli R. et al. Role of flavonoids in thrombotic, cardiovascular, and inflammatory diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27: 863-869
  • 2 Böni-Schnetzler M, Meier DT. Islet inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41: 501-513
  • 3 Pahwa R, Goyal A, Jialal I. Chronic Inflammation. 2023 Aug 7. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL)
  • 4 van Woudenbergh GJ, Theofylaktopoulou D, Kuijsten A. et al. Adapted dietary inflammatory index and its association with a summary score for low-grade inflammation and markers of glucose metabolism: the Cohort study on Diabetes and Atherosclerosis Maastricht (CODAM) and the Hoorn study. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 98: 1533-1542
  • 5 Russell AS, Gulliver WP, Irvine EJ. et al. Quality of life in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. J Rheumatol Suppl 2011; 88: 7-19
  • 6 OECD 2019. Vuik S, Lerouge A, Guillemette Y et al. The Heavy Burden of Obesity. DOI: 10.1787/67450d67-en., Im Internet : https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/the-heavy-burden-of-obesity_67450d67-en/full-report/disclaimer.html#disclaimer Stand: 25.09.2024
  • 7 Kluge HHP. WHO European regional obesity report 2022. Copenhagen: World Health Organization; 2022
  • 8 Gwinnutt JM, Wieczorek M, Balanescu A. et al. 2021 EULAR recommendations regarding lifestyle behaviours and work participation to prevent progression of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82: 48-56
  • 9 El-Wakkad A, Hassan NE-M, Sibaii H. et al. Proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory cytokines and adiponkines in students with central obesity. Cytokine 2013; 61: 682-687
  • 10 Nawaz T, Nawaz S, Khalid W. et al. Dietary phytochemicals beneficial to obesity and cancer management: a review. Inter J Food Properties 2023; 26: 2006-2024
  • 11 Ong KL, Stafford LK, McLaughlin SA. et al. Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet 2023; 402: 203-234
  • 12 Ahlqvist E, Storm P, Käräjämäki A. et al. Novel subgroups of adult-onset diabetes and their association with outcomes: a data-driven cluster analysis of six variables. Lancet Diabet Endocrinol 2018; 6: 361-369
  • 13 McCombie L, Leslie W, Taylor R. et al. Beating type 2 diabetes into remission. BMJ 2017; 358: j4030
  • 14 Eguchi K, Nagai R. Islet inflammation in type 2 diabetes and physiology. J Clin Invest 2017; 127: 14-23
  • 15 Stanford KI, Goodyear LJ. Exercise and type 2 diabetes: molecular mechanisms regulating glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Adv Physiol Educ 2014; 38: 308-314
  • 16 Leipe J, Schmelz R, Riemekasten G. et al. Chronische Entzündungserkrankungen in Deutschland : Eine Querschnittanalyse über Begleiterkrankungen und Arzneimitteleinsatz. Z Rheumatol 2023;
  • 17 Favalli EG, Biggioggero M, Crotti C. et al. Sex and Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2019; 56: 333-345
  • 18 Nikiphorou E, Philippou E. Nutrition and its role in prevention and management of rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22: 103333
  • 19 Phull A-R, Nasir B, Haq IU. et al. Oxidative stress, consequences and ROS mediated cellular signaling in rheumatoid arthritis. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 281: 121-136
  • 20 Monteiro C, Cannon G, Levy R. et al. NOVA. The star shines bright. Position paper 2. World Nutrition 2016; 7: 28-38
  • 21 Tristan Asensi M, Napoletano A, Sofi F. et al. Low-Grade Inflammation and Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption: A Review. Nutrients 2023; 15
  • 22 Marino M, Puppo F, Del Bo’ C. et al. A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms. Nutrients 2021; 13: 2778
  • 23 Martini D, Godos J, Bonaccio M. et al. Ultra-Processed Foods and Nutritional Dietary Profile: A Meta-Analysis of Nationally Representative Samples. Nutrients 2021; 13: 3390
  • 24 Hall KD, Ayuketah A, Brychta R. et al. Ultra-Processed Diets Cause Excess Calorie Intake and Weight Gain: An Inpatient Randomized Controlled Trial of Ad Libitum Food Intake. Cell Metab 2019; 30: 67-77.e63
  • 25 Atzeni A, Martínez MÁ, Babio N. et al. Association between ultra-processed food consumption and gut microbiota in senior subjects with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. Front Nutr 2022;
  • 26 Tang WHW, Hazen SL. The contributory role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease. J Clin Invest 2014; 124: 4204-4211
  • 27 Wang Z, Klipfell E, Bennett BJ. et al. Gut flora metabolism of phosphatidylcholine promotes cardiovascular disease. Nature 2011; 472: 57-63
  • 28 Lankinen M, Uusitupa M, Schwab U. Nordic Diet and Inflammation-A Review of Observational and Intervention Studies. Nutrients 2019; 11: 1369
  • 29 Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Mohammadi M, Salehi-Abargouei A. The effect of healthy Nordic diet on cardio-metabolic markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58: 2159-2174
  • 30 Ghaedi E, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi H. et al. Effects of a Paleolithic Diet on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr 2019; 10: 634-646
  • 31 Haß U, Herpich C, Norman K. Anti-Inflammatory Diets and Fatigue. Nutrients 2019; 11: 2315
  • 32 Schönenberger KA, Schüpfer A-C, Gloy VL. et al. Effect of Anti-Inflammatory Diets on Pain in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13: 4221
  • 33 Shams-White MM, Pannucci TE, Lerman JL. et al. Healthy Eating Index-2020: Review and Update Process to Reflect the Dietary Guidelines for Americans,2020-2025. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123: 1280-1288
  • 34 Sun S-N, Ni S-H, Li Y. et al. Association between dietary inflammatory index with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among older US adults: A longitudinal cohort study among a nationally representative sample. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 118: 105279
  • 35 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung e. V. (DGE). Gut essen und trinken – die DGE-Empfehlungen. Im Internet https://www.dge.de/gesunde-ernaehrung/gut-essen-und-trinken/dge-empfehlungen/ Stand: 27.09.2024
  • 36 Hagen KB, Byfuglien MG, Falzon L. et al. Dietary interventions for rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 21: CD006400
  • 37 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie e.V. (DGRh) DGfRuKIeV. S3-Leitlinie Management der frühen rheumatoiden Arthritis (2019). Im Internet https://dgrh.de/Start/Publikationen/Leitlinien/DGRh-Leitlinien-(federf%C3%BChrend)/Fr%C3%BChe-rheumatoide-Arthritis.html Stand: 26.09.2024
  • 38 Forsyth C, Kouvari M, D'Cunha NM. et al. The effects of the Mediterranean diet on rheumatoid arthritis prevention and treatment: a systematic review of human prospective studies. Rheumatol Int 2018; 38: 737-747
  • 39 Petersson S, Philippou E, Rodomar C. et al. The Mediterranean diet, fish oil supplements and Rheumatoid arthritis outcomes: evidence from clinical trials. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17: 1105-1114
  • 40 Berg A, Bischoff SC, Colombo-Benkmann M. et al. Interdisziplinäre Leitlinie der Qualität S3 zur „Prävention und Therapie der Adipositas” der Deutschen Adipositas-Gesellschaft e.V.; der Deutschen Diabetes Gesellschaft; der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährung e.V.; der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährungsmedizin e.V. Version 2.0 (April 2014); AWMF-Register Nr. 050-001
  • 41 Skurk T, Bosy-Westphal A, Grünerbel A. et al Empfehlungen zur Ernährung von Personen mit Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus. Diabetologie 2023; 19: 482-512 M4 - Citavi
  • 42 Hallberg SJ, Dockter NE, Kushner JA. et al. Improving the scientific rigour of nutritional recommendations for adults with type 2 diabetes: A comprehensive review of the American Diabetes Association guideline-recommended eating patterns. Diabetes Obes Metab 2019; 21: 1769-1779
  • 43 Di Rosa C, Lattanzi G, Spiezia C. et al. Mediterranean Diet versus Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet: Effects of Reaching 5% Body Weight Loss on Body Composition in Subjects with Overweight and with Obesity-A Cohort Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19: 13040
  • 44 Beunza J-J, Toledo E, Hu FB. et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, long-term weight change, and incident overweight or obesity: the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92: 1484-1493
  • 45 Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Di Bella G. et al. Mediterranean diet in the management and prevention of obesity. Exp Gerontol 2023; 174: 112121
  • 46 Kenđel Jovanović G, Mrakovcic-Sutic I, Pavičić Žeželj S. et al. The Efficacy of an Energy-Restricted Anti-Inflammatory Diet for the Management of Obesity in Younger Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12: 3583
  • 47 Stendell-Hollis NR, Thompson PA, West JL. et al. A comparison of Mediterranean-style and MyPyramid diets on weight loss and inflammatory biomarkers in postpartum breastfeeding women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2013; 22: 48-57
  • 48 Koelman L, Egea Rodrigues C, Aleksandrova K. Effects of Dietary Patterns on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Immune Responses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr 2022; 13: 101-115
  • 49 Monfort-Pires M, Ferreira SRG. Inflammatory and metabolic responses to dietary intervention differ among individuals at distinct cardiometabolic risk levels. Nutrition 2017; 33: 331-337
  • 50 Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Petrizzo M. et al. Mediterranean diet cools down the inflammatory milieu in type 2 diabetes: the MÉDITA randomized controlled trial. Endocrine 2016; 54: 634-641
  • 51 Rallidis LS, Kolomvotsou A, Lekakis J. et al. Short-term effects of Mediterranean-type diet intervention on soluble cellular adhesion molecules in subjects with abdominal obesity. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2017; 17: 38-43
  • 52 Richard C, Couture P, Desroches S. et al. Effect of the mediterranean diet with and without weight loss on markers of inflammation in men with metabolic syndrome. Obesity 2013; 21: 51-57
  • 53 Meyer NMT, Pohrt A, Wernicke C. et al. Improvement in Visceral Adipose Tissue and LDL Cholesterol by High PUFA Intake: 1-Year Results of the NutriAct Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16: 1057
  • 54 Itsiopoulos C, Brazionis L, Kaimakamis M. et al. Can the Mediterranean diet lower HbA1c in type 2 diabetes? Results from a randomized cross-over study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc 2011; 21: 740-747
  • 55 Armet AM, Deehan EC, O’Sullivan AF. et al. Rethinking healthy eating in light of the gut microbiome. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30: 764-785
  • 56 PMID: 33327432 PMCID: PMC7764882
  • 57 Bustamante MF, Agustín-Perez M, Cedola F. et al. Design of an anti-inflammatory diet (ITIS diet) for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2020; 17: 100524
  • 58 Moreno B, Bellido D, Sajoux I. et al. Comparison of a very low-calorie-ketogenic diet with a standard low-calorie diet in the treatment of obesity. Endocrine 2014; 47: 793-805
  • 59 PMID: 29178536
  • 60 Sarin HV, Lee JH, Jauhiainen M. et al. Substantial fat mass loss reduces low-grade inflammation and induces positive alteration in cardiometabolic factors in normal-weight individuals. Sci Rep 2019; 9: 3450
  • 61 Deane KD, Holers VM. Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis, Prediction, and Prevention: An Emerging Paradigm Shift. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73: 181-193
  • 62 Di Giuseppe D, Wallin A, Bottai M. et al. Long-term intake of dietary long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: A prospective cohort study of women. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 73: 1949-1953
  • 63 Mazzucca CB, Scotti L, Cappellano G. et al. Nutrition and Rheumatoid Arthritis Onset: A Prospective Analysis Using the UK Biobank. Nutrients 2022; 14: 1554
  • 64 Johansson K, Askling J, Alfredsson L. et al. Mediterranean diet and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based case-control study. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20: 175
  • 65 Hartmann AM, Dell'Oro M, Spoo M. et al. To eat or not to eat-an exploratory randomized controlled trial on fasting and plant-based diet in rheumatoid arthritis (NutriFast-Study). Front Nutr 2022; 9: 1030380
  • 66 Gwinnutt JM, Wieczorek M, Rodriguez-Carrio J. et al. Effects of diet on the outcomes of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs): systematic review and meta-analyses informing the 2021 EULAR recommendations for lifestyle improvements in people with RMDs. RMD Open 2022; 8: e002167
  • 67 Walrabenstein W, Wagenaar CA, van der Leeden M. et al. A multidisciplinary lifestyle program for rheumatoid arthritis: the 'Plants for Joints' randomized controlled trial. Rheumatology 2023; 62: 2683-2691
  • 68 Wagenaar CA, Walrabenstein W, van der Leeden M. et al. Long-term effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: 1-year follow-up of the 'Plants for Joints' randomised clinical trial. RMD Open 2024; 10: e004025
  • 69 Rajaei E, Mowla K, Ghorbani A. et al. The Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Patients With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving DMARDs Therapy: Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Glob J Health Sci 2015; 8: 18-25
  • 70 Aas A-M, Axelsen M, Churuangsuk C. et al. Evidence-based European recommendations for the dietary management of diabetes. Diabetologia 2023; 66: 965-985
  • 71 Davies MJ, Aroda VR, Collins BS. et al. Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2022. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care 2022; 45: 2753-2786
  • 72 Bundesärztekammer, Kassenärztliche B, Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen F. Nationale VersorgungsLeitlinie Typ-2-Diabetes – Langfassung. Bundesärztekammer (BÄK), Kassenärztliche Bundesvereinigung (KBV), Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF); 2023. DOI: 10.6101/AZQ/000503 M4
  • 73 England BR, Smith BJ, Baker NA. et al. 2022 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for Exercise, Rehabilitation, Diet, and Additional Integrative Interventions for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Care Res 2023; 75: 1603-1615