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Thromb Haemost 2013; 110(03): 501-514
DOI: 10.1160/TH13-03-0211
Review Article
Schattauer GmbH

Pathophysiological role of neutrophils in acute myocardial infarction

Federico Carbone
1   Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
,
Alessio Nencioni
1   Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
,
François Mach
2   Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
,
Nicolas Vuilleumier
3   Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland
4   Department of Human Protein Science, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
,
Fabrizio Montecucco
1   Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
2   Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
› Author Affiliations Financial Support: This research was funded by EU FP7, Grant number 201668, AtheroRemo to Dr. F. Mach. This work was also supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation Grants to Dr. F. Mach (#310030-118245), Dr N. Vuilleumier (#310030-140736), and to Dr. Montecucco (#32003B-134963/1) and by the Italian Ministry of Health (GR-2008-1135635 to Dr. A. Nencioni).
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 12 March 2013

Accepted after major revision: 04 May 2013

Publication Date:
22 November 2017 (online)

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Summary

The pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction is known to be mediated by systemic, intraplaque and myocardial inflammatory processes. Among different immune cell subsets, compelling evidence now indicates a pivotal role for neutrophils in acute coronary syndromes. Neutrophils infiltrate coronary plaques and the infarcted myocardium and mediate tissue damage by releasing matrix-degrading enzymes and reactive oxygen species. In addition, neutrophils are also involved in post-infarction adverse cardiac remodelling and neointima formation after angioplasty. The promising results obtained in preclinical models with pharmacological approaches interfering with neutrophil recruitment or function have confirmed the pathophysiological relevance of these immune cells in acute coronary syndromes and prompted further studies of these therapeutic interventions. This narrative review will provide an update on the role of neutrophils in acute myocardial infarction and on the pharmacological means that were devised to prevent neutrophil-mediated tissue damage and to reduce post-ischaemic outcomes.

Keywords

Atherosclerosis - neutrophils - inflammation - acute myocardial infarction
 

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