Was muss der (Viszeral-)Chirurg von der Kinderchirurgie wissen – kinderchirurgische Aspekte in der (Viszeral-)Chirurgie

Zusammenfassung

Durch die Fortschritte der neonatologischen Intensivmedizin, der pränatalen Ultraschalldiagnostik und den kinderchirurgischen Möglichkeiten gelingt es heute zunehmend, Voraussetzungen für das Langzeitüberleben von Kinder mit schweren operativ zu behandelnden Krankheitsbildern zu schaffen. Dies bedeutet auf der anderen Seite aber auch, dass der „Erwachsenenmediziner“ in der Zukunft in zunehmendem Maße mit Patienten konfrontiert werden kann, welche noch vor wenigen Jahrzehnten das Kindesalter nicht überlebt haben. Aus diesem Grund fasst dieser Artikel in kurzer prägnanter Form ausgewählte Krankheitsbilder des Früh- und Neugeborenen zusammen wie z. B. angeborene Bauchwanddefekte und versucht mögliche Langzeitfolgen darzustellen bzw. anhand der Operationen oder der Grunderkrankung abzuleiten, womit chirurgisch bzw. operativ im Erkrankungsfall des späterhin erwachsenen (ehemals kinderchirurgischen) Patienten eigene Therapiestrategien möglich sind. Ein vollständiges Repetitorium kann diese Arbeit nicht darstellen, jedoch ein Grundgerüst für Denkanstöße zur persönlichen Weiterbildung und verbindlich zu umreißenden Expertise, um im Bedarfsfall für das diagnostische und therapeutische Management solcher Patienten aus chirurgischer Sicht gewappnet zu sein. 

Abstract

Due to the advances in neonatal intensive care medicine, prenatal ultrasound-guided diagnostic measures and paediatric surgical options, conditions have been established to achieve long-term survival in newborns with severe diseases. In addition, this means that the “non-paediatric” physician can be increasingly confronted with patients who would not have survived childhood some decades ago. Therefore, the article summarises concisely selected diseases of premature infants and newborns, e. g., congenital abdominal wall defects, and outlines possible long-term consequences based on the surgical interventions and their basic diseases, respectively, which need to be adequately cared for in the case of a surgical disease of the former patient of paediatric surgery. The overview cannot be considered as a complete revision course; however, it might constitute a basic outline for thought-provoking impulses for personal professional skills and expertise in managing such patients in later age from a surgical perspective. 

Schlüsselwörter

Neonatalperiode - Atresien GI-Trakt - Gastroschisis - Omphalozele - Zwerchfelllücke

Key words

neonatal period - atresia of GI tract - gastroschisis - omphalocele - diaphragmatic hernia

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