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Synfacts 2020; 16(06): 0714
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1706961
Chemistry in Medicine and Biology
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Azithromycin – An Antibiotic to Fight COVID-19?

Rezensent(en):
Dirk Trauner
,
Klaus-Peter Ruehmann
Djokić S, Kobrehel G, Lazarevski G. * Lopotar N, Tamburašev Z, Kamenar B, Nagl A, Vicković I. Pliva, Zagreb, Croatia
Erythromycin Series. Part 11. Ring Expansion of Erythromycin A Oxime by the Beckmann Rearrangement.

J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1986; 1881-1890
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
15. Mai 2020 (online)

 
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Key words

azithromycin - Beckmann rearrangement - antibiotic - SARS-CoV-2

Significance

Macrolide antibiotics can be used for the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections. Unfortunately, the acid lability of the natural product itself, erythromycin A, results in side effects of nausea and stomach-ache. Djokić et al. overcame this problem by replacing the C9 carbonyl group with an amine functionality. Azithromycin has been used successfully as an antibiotic for many years and recently showed promising effects in a combination treatment with chloroquine to fight COVID-19.


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Comment

The semisynthesis of azithromycin was accomplished within a four-step sequence from erythromycin A. Beckmann rearrangement of the O-tosyl oxime afforded a cyclic imino ether intermediate, which, after hydrogenation, yielded the ring-expanded 15-membered heterocycle. Methylation (J. Chem. Res. Synop. 1988, 152) of the secondary amine afforded azithromycin.


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