RSS-Feed abonnieren
Bitte kopieren Sie die angezeigte URL und fügen sie dann in Ihren RSS-Reader ein.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/de/10.1055-s-00000089.xml
Ultraschall Med 2018; 39(02): e2-e44
DOI: 10.1055/a-0586-1107
DOI: 10.1055/a-0586-1107
Guidelines & Recommendations
The EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations for the Clinical Practice of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in Non-Hepatic Applications: Update 2017 (Long Version)
Die EFSUMB-Leitlinien und Empfehlungen für den klinischen Einsatz des kontrastverstärkten Ultraschalls (CEUS) bei nicht-hepatischen Anwendungen: Update 2017 (Langversion)Weitere Informationen
Publikationsverlauf
03. Juli 2017
05. Dezember 2017
Publikationsdatum:
06. März 2018 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/ultraschall/201802/lookinside/thumbnails/uim-2513l_10-1055-a-0586-1107-1.jpg)
Abstract
The updated version of the EFSUMB guidelines on the application of non-hepatic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) deals with the use of microbubble ultrasound contrast outside the liver in the many established and emerging applications.
Zusammenfassung
Die aktualisierte Version der EFSUMB-Leitlinien für die Anwendung von nicht-hepatischem kontrastverstärktem Ultraschall (CEUS) befasst sich mit der Verwendung von Mikrobläschen Ultraschall-Kontrastmitteln außerhalb der Leber in zahlreichen etablierten und neu entstehenden Einsatzbereichen.
-
References
- 1 Albrecht T, Blomley MJK, Bolondi L. et al. Guidelines for the use of contrast agents in ultrasound. Ultraschall in Med 2004; 25: 249-256
- 2 Claudon M, Cosgrove D, Albrecht T. et al. Guidelines and Good Clinical Practice Recommendations for Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) – Update 2008. Ultraschall in Medizin 2008; 29: 28-44
- 3 Claudon M, Dietrich CF, Choi BI. et al. Guidelines and good clinical practice recommendations for contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the liver – update 2012. Ultraschall in Med 2013; 34: 11-29
- 4 Piscaglia F, Nolsoe C, Dietrich CF. et al. The EFSUMB guidelines and recommendations on the clinical practice of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS): update 2011 on non-hepatic applications. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 32: 33-59
- 5 Sidhu PS, Cantisani V, Deganello A. et al. Role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in paediatric practice: An EFSUMB position statement. Ultraschall in Med 2017; 38: 33-43
- 6 Sidhu PS, Choi BI, Bachmann Nielsen M. The EFSUMB guidelines and recommendations on the clinical practice of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS): a new dawn for the escalating use of this ubiquitous technique. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 32: 5-7
- 7 Food & Drug Administration. MARCH 2016 – APPROVED DRUG PRODUCT LIST. 2016 http://www.fda.gov/downloads/drugs/developmentapprovalprocess/ucm071120.pdf
- 8 Bracco. Lumason Prescribing Information. 2016 http://imaging.bracco.com/sites/braccoimaging.com/files/technica_sheet_pdf/US-20160330-LUMASON-PI_0.pdf
- 9 Seitz K, Strobel D. A Milestone: Approval of CEUS for Diagnostic Liver Imaging in Adults and Children in the USA. Ultraschall in Med 2016; 37: 229-232
- 10 Education and Practical Standards Committee E. Minimal Training recommendations for the practice of medical ultrasound. Ultraschall in Med 2006; 27: 79-95
- 11 Education and Practical Standards Committee E. Minimum Training Requirements for the Practice of Medical Ultrasound in Europe. Appendix 14: (CEUS) Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound. Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 426-427
- 12 Quaia E, Alaimo V, Baratella E. et al. Effect of Observer Experience in the Differentiation Between Benign and Malignant Liver Tumors After Ultrasound Contrast Agent Injection. J Ultrasound Med 2010; 29: 25-36
- 13 Greis C. Technical aspects of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examinations: tips and tricks. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2014; 58: 89-95
- 14 Blomley MJK, Sidhu PS, Cosgrove DO. et al. Do different types of liver lesions differ in their uptake of the microbubble contrast agent SH U 508A in the late liver phase? Early experience. Radiology 2001; 220: 661-667
- 15 Bryant TH, Blomley MJK, Albrecht T. et al. Liver phase uptake of a liver specific microbubble improves characterization of liver lesions: a prospective multi-center study. Radiology 2004; 232: 392-399
- 16 Edey AJ, Ryan SM, Beese RC. et al. Ultrasound imaging of liver metastases in the delayed parenchymal phase following administration of Sonazoid™ using a destructive mode technique (Agent Detection Imaging™). Clin Radiol 2008; 63: 1112-1120
- 17 Piscaglia F, Bolondi L. The safety of SonoVue in abdominal applications: retrospective analysis of 23188 investigations. Ultrasound Med Biol 2006; 32: 1369-1375
- 18 Main ML. Ultrasound contrast agent safety: from anecdote to evidence. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2009; 2: 1057-1059
- 19 Main ML, Goldman JH, Grayburn PA. Thinking Outside the box:The Ultrasound Contrast Controversy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50: 2434-2437
- 20 Tang C, Fang K, Guo Y. et al. Safety of Sulfur Hexafluoride Microbubbles in Sonography of Abdominal and Superficial Organs: Retrospective Analysis of 30222 Cases. J Ultrasound Med 2017; 36: 531-538
- 21 Wilson SR, Burns PN. Microbubble-enhanced US in body imaging: What role?. Radiology 2010; 257: 24-39
- 22 Kitzman DW, Goldman ME, Gilliam LD. et al. Efficacy and safety of the novel ultrasound contrast agent perflutren (Definity) in patients with suboptimal baseline left ventricular echocardiographic images. Am J Cardiol 2000; 86: 669-674
- 23 Cochran ST, Bomyea K, Sayre JW. Trends in adverse events after IV administration of contrast media. Am J Roentgenol 2001; 176: 1385-1388
- 24 Hunt CH, Hartman RP, Hesley GK. Frequency and Severity of Adverse Effects of Iodinated and Gadolinium Contrast Materials: Retrospective Review of 456930 Doses. Am J Roentgenol 2009; 193: 1124-1127
- 25 Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP). Assessment report EMA/84084/2014. SonoVue. international non-properietary name: sulfur hexafluoride, Procedure No. EMEA/H/C/000303/II/0025. 2014
- 26 Darge K, Papadopoulu F, Ntoulia A. et al. Safety of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in children for non-cardiac applications: a review by the Society for Pediatric Radiology (SPR) and the International Contrast Ultrasound Society (ICUS). Pediatr Radiol 2013; 43: 1063-1073
- 27 Harvey CJ, Alsafi A, Kuzmich S. et al. Role of US contrast agents in the assessment of indeterminate solid and cystic lesions in native and transplant kidneys. Radiographics 2015; 35: 1419-1430
- 28 Barr RG, Peterson C, Hindi A. Evaluation of indeterminate renal massess with contrast-enhanced US: a diagnostic performance study. Radiology 2014; 271: 133-142
- 29 Harkanyi Z. Potential applications of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in pediatric patients. Ultrasound Clin North Am 2013; 8: 403-422
- 30 Sellars ME, Deganello A, Sidhu PS. Paediatric contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS); a technique that requires co-operation for rapid implementation into clinical practice. Ultraschall in Med 2014; 35: 203-206
- 31 Caruso G, Salvaggio G, Campisi A. et al. Bladder Tumor Staging: Comparison of Contrast-Enhanced and Gray-Scale Ultrasound. Am J Roentgenol 2010; 194: 151-156
- 32 Drudi FM, Di Leo N, Maghella F. et al. CEUS in the study of bladder, method, administration and evaluation, a technical note. J Ultrasound 2014; 17: 57-63
- 33 Drudi FM, Cantisani V, Liberatore M. et al. Role of Low-Mechanical Index CEUS in the Differentiation between Low and High Grade Bladder Carcinoma: a Pilot Study. Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 589-595
- 34 Wang XH, Wang YJ, Lei CG. Evaluating the perfusion of occupying lesions of kidney and bladder with contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Clin Imaging 2011; 35: 447-451
- 35 Nicolau C, Bunesch L, Sebastia C. et al. Diagnosis of bladder cancer: contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Abdom Imaging 2010; 35: 494-503
- 36 Nicolau C, Bunesch L, Peri L. et al. Accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the detection of bladder cancer. Br J Radiol 2011; 84: 1091-1099
- 37 Correas JM, Claudon M, Tranquart F. et al. The kidney: imaging with microbubble contrast agents. Ultrasound Q 2006; 22: 53-66
- 38 Tsuruoka K, Yasuda T, Koitabashi K. et al. Evaluation of Renal Microcirculation by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound With SonazoidTM as a Contrast Agent Comparison Between Normal Subjects and Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. Int Heart J 2010; 51: 176-182
- 39 Ma F, Cang Y, Zhao B. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound with SonoVue could accurately assess the renal microvascular perfusion in diabetic kidney damage. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27: 2891-2898
- 40 Bertolotto M, Martegani A, Aiani L. et al. Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for detecting renal infarcts proven by contrast enhanced CT. A feasibility study. Eur Radiol 2008; 18: 376-383
- 41 Yusuf GT, Sellars ME, Huang DY. et al. Cortical Necrosis Secondary to Trauma in a Child: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound comparable to Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Pediatr Radiol 2014; 44: 484-487
- 42 Mazziotti S, Zimbaro F, Pandolfo A. et al. Usefulness of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the diagnosis of renal pseudotumors. Abdom Imaging 2010; 35: 241-245
- 43 Quaia E, Bertolotto M, Cioffi V. et al. Comparison of contrast-enhanced sonography with unenhanced sonography and contrast-enhanced CT in the diagnosis of malignancy in complex renal masses. Am J Roentgenol 2008; 191: 1239-1249
- 44 Clevert DA, Minaifar N, Weckbach S. et al. Multislice computed tomography versus contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluation of complex cystic renal masses using the Bosniak classification system. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2008; 39: 171-178
- 45 Park BK, Kim B, Kim SH. et al. Assessment of cystic renal masses based on Bosniak classification: comparison of CT and contrast-enhanced US. Eur J Radiol 2007; 61: 310-314
- 46 Ascenti G, Mazziotti S, Zimbaro G. et al. Complex Cystic Renal Masses: Characterization with Contrast-enhanced US. Radiology 2007; 243: 158-165
- 47 Bertolotto M, Cicero C, Perrone R. et al. Renal masses with equivocal enhamcement at CT: characterization with contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Am J Roentgenol 2015; 205: W557-W565
- 48 Fontanilla T, Minaya J, Cortes C. et al. Acute complicated pyelonephritis: contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Abdominal Imaging 2012; 37: 639-646
- 49 Ignee A, Straub B, Brix D. et al. The value of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the characterisation of patients with renal masses. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2010; 46: 275-290
- 50 Papadopoulou F, Ntoulia A, Siomou E. et al. Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography with intravesical administration of a second-generation ultrasound contrast agent for diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux: prospective evaluation of contrast safety in 1010 children. Pediatr Radiol 2014; 44: 719-728
- 51 Darge K. Voiding urosonography with US contrast agents for the diagnosis of vesicureteric reflux in children. I. Procedure. Pediatr Radiol 2008; 38: 40-53
- 52 Darge K. Voiding urosonography with US contrast agents for the diagnosis of vesicureteric reflux in children. II. Comparison with radiological examinations. Pediatr Radiol 2008; 38: 54-63
- 53 Ascenti G, Zimbaro G, Mazziotti S. et al. Harmonic US imaging of vesicoureteric reflux in children: usefulness of a second generation US contrast agent. Pediatr Radiol 2004; 34: 481-487
- 54 Wong LS, Tse KS, Fan TW. et al. Voiding urosonography with second-generation ultrasound contrast versus micturating cystourethrography in the diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux. Eur J Pediatr 2014; 173: 1095-1101
- 55 Duran C, Riego J, Riera L. et al. Voiding urosonography including urethrosonography: high-quality examinations with an optimised procedure using a second-generation US contrast agent. Pediatr Radiol 2012; 42: 660-667
- 56 Kis E, Nyitrai A, Varkonyi I. et al. Voiding urosonography with second-generation contrast agent versus voiding cystourethrography. Pediatr Nephrol 2010; 25: 2289-2293
- 57 Papadopoulou F, Anthopoulou A, Siomou E. et al. Harmonic voiding urosonography with a second-generation contrast agent for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux. Pediatr Radiol 2009; 39: 239-244
- 58 Darge K. Voiding urosonography with US contrast agent for the diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux in children: an update. Pediatr Radiol 2010; 40: 956-962
- 59 Giordano M, Marzolla R, Puteo F. et al. Voiding urosonography as first step in the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children: a clinical experience. Pediatr Radiol 2007; 37: 674-677
- 60 Duran C, Valera A, Alguersuari A. et al. Voiding urosonography: the study of the urethra is no longer a limitation of the technique. Pediatr Radiol 2009; 39: 124-131
- 61 Lebowitz RL, Olbing H, Parkkulainen KV. et al. International system of radiographic grading of vesicourteric reflux. Internationa Reflux Study in Children. Pediatr Radiol 1985; 15: 105-109
- 62 Fernaíndez-Ibieta M, Parrondo-Muiros C, Fernaíndez-Masaguer LC. et al. Urosonografi¡a miccional con contraste de segunda generaci+¦n como herramienta primaria en el estudio de la vi¡a urinaria superior e inferior en pediatri¡a. Estudio Piloto. Actas Urolgicas Espaolas 2016; 40: 183-189
- 63 Wozniak MM, Wieczorek AP, Pawelec A. et al. Two-dimensional (2D), three-dimensional static (3D) and real-time (4D) contrast enhanced voiding urosonography (ceVUS) versus voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) in children with vesicoureteral reflux. Eur J Radiol 2016; 85: 1238-1245
- 64 Duran C, Riego J, Riere L. Serial voiding urosonography: a safe technique for the study of the entire urinary tract in children. Radiologia 2013; 55: 160-166
- 65 Kmetec A, Bren AF, Kandus A. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound voiding cystography as a screening examination for vesicoureteral reflux in the follow-up of renal transplant recipient: a new approach. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 120-123
- 66 Valentini AL, De Gaetano AM, Minordi LM. et al. Contrast-enhanced Voiding US for Grading of Reflux in Adult Patients Prior to Antireflux Ureteral Implantation. Radiology 2004; 233: 35-39
- 67 Kenda RB, Kenig A, Novijan G. et al. Cyclic voiding urosonography for detecting vesicoureteric reflux in renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 2229-2231
- 68 Jaffer OS, Sidhu PS. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the testes. Ultrasound Clin North Am 2013; 8: 509-523
- 69 Albrecht T, Lotzof K, Hussain HK. et al. Power Doppler US of the normal prepubertal testis: does it live up to its promises?. Radiology 1997; 203: 227-231
- 70 Moschouris H, Stamatiou K, Lampropoulou E. et al. Imaging of the acute scrotum; is there a place for contrast-enhanced ultrasonography?. Int Braz J Urol 2009; 35: 702-705
- 71 Yusuf T, Sellars ME, Kooiman GG. et al. Global testicular infarction in the presence of epididymitis. Clinical features, appearances on grayscale, color Doppler, and contrat-enhanced sonography, and histologic correlation. J Ultrasound Med 2013; 32: 175-180
- 72 Bilagi P, Sriprasad S, Clarke JL. et al. Clinical and ultrasound features of segmental testicular infarction: Six-year experience from a single centre. Eur Radiol 2007; 17: 2810-2818
- 73 Fernandez-Perez GC, Tardaguila FM, Velasco M. et al. Radiologic Findings of Segmental Testicular Infarction. Am J Roentgenol 2005; 184: 1587-1593
- 74 Sriprasad SI, Kooiman GG, Muir GH. et al. Acute sgmental testicular infarction: differentiation from tumour using high frequency colour Doppler ultrasound. Br J Radiol 2001; 74: 965-967
- 75 Bertolotto M, Derchi LE, Sidhu PS. et al. Acute segmental testicular infarction at contrast-enhanced ultrasound: early features and changes during follow-up. Am J Roentgenol 2011; 196: 834-841
- 76 Lung PF, Jaffer OS, Sellars ME. et al. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the evaluation of focal testicular complications secondary to epidiymitis. Am J Roentgenol 2012; 199: W345-W354
- 77 Patel K, Huang DY, Sidhu PS. Metachronous Bilateral Segmental Testicular Infarction: Multi-parametric Ultrasound imaging with Grey-scale Ultrasound, Doppler Ultrasound, Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) and Real-time Tissue Elastography (RTE). J Ultrasound 2014; 17: 233-238
- 78 Bhatt S, Dogra VS. Role of US in testicular and scrotal trauma. Radiographics 2008; 28: 1617-1629
- 79 Valentino M, Bertolotto M, Derchi L. et al. Role of contrast enhanced ultrasound in acute scrotal diseases. Eur Radiol 2011; 21: 1831-1840
- 80 Lobianco R, Regine R, De Siero M. et al. Contrast-enhanced sonography in blunt scrotal trauma. J Ultrasound 2011; 14: 188-195
- 81 Hedayati V, Sellars ME, Sharma DM. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in testicular trauma: role in directing exploration, debridement and organ salvage. Br J Radiol 2012; 85: e65-e68
- 82 Yusuf GT, Konstantatou E, Sellars ME. et al. Multiparametric sonography of testicular hematomas. Features on grayscale, color Doppler, and contrast-enhanced sonography and strain elastography. J Ultrasound Med 2015; 34: 1319-1328
- 83 Rafailidis V, Robbie H, Konstantatou E. et al. Sonographic imaging of extra-testicular focal lesions: comparison of grey-scale, colour Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Ultrasound 2016; 24: 23-33
- 84 Horstman WG, Melson GL, Middleton WD. et al. Testicular tumours: Findings with color Doppler US. Radiology 1992; 185: 733-737
- 85 Bhatt S, Rubens DJ, Dogra VS. Sonography of benign intrascrotal lesions. Ultrasound Q 2006; 22: 121-136
- 86 Winter TC. There is a mass in the scrotum – what does it mean? Evaluation of the scrotal mass. Ultrasound Q 2009; 25: 195-205
- 87 Patel K, Sellars ME, Clarke JL. et al. Features of testicular epidermoid cysts on contrast enhanced ultrasound and real time elastography. J Ultrasound Med 2012; 31: 1115-1122
- 88 Huang DY, Sidhu PS. Focal testicular lesions: colour Doppler ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound and tissue elastography as adjuvants to the diagnosis. Br J Radiol 2012; 85: S41-S53
- 89 Lock G, Schmidt C, Helmich F. et al. Early experience with contrast enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of testicular masses; a feasibility study. Urology 2011; 77: 1049-1053
- 90 Isidori AM, Pozza C, Gianfrilli D. et al. Differential diagnosis of nonpalpable testicular lesions: qualitative and quantitave contrast-enhanced US of benign and malignant testicular tumors. Radiology 2014; 273: 606-618
- 91 Drudi FM, Maghella F, Martino G. et al. Detection of small testicular masses in monorchid patients using US, CPDUS, CEUS and US-guided biopsy. J Ultrasound 2016; 19: 25-28
- 92 Drudi FM, Valentino M, Bertolotto M. et al. CEUS time intensity curves in the differentiation between Leydig cell carcinoma nd seminoma: a multicenter study. Ultraschall in Med 2016; 37: 201-205
- 93 Lock G, Schoder C, Schmidt C. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and real time elastography for the diagnosis of benign leydig cell tumors of the testis – a single centre report on 13 cases. Ultraschall in Med 2014; 35: 534-539
- 94 Gaur S, Bhatt S, Derchi L. et al. Spontaneous intratesticular hemorrhage. Two case descriptions and a brief review of the literature. J Ultrasound Med 2011; 30: 101-104
- 95 Bertolotto M, Cantisani V, Valentino M. et al. Pitfalls in Imaging for Acute Scrotal Pathology. Semin in Roentgenol 2016; 51: 60-69
- 96 Russo G, Mischi M, Scheepens W. et al. Angiogenesis in prostate cancer: onset, progression and imaging. BJU International 2012; 110: E794-E808
- 97 Mitterberger MJ, Aigner F, Horninger W. et al. Comparative efficiency of contrast-enhanced colour Doppler ultrasound targeted versus systematic biopsy for prostate cancer detection. Eur Radiol 2010; 20: 2791-2796
- 98 Aigner F, Pallwein L, Mitterberger M. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography using cadence-contrast pulse sequencing technology for targeted biopsy of the prostate. BJU International 2009; 103: 458-463
- 99 Sano F, Terao H, Kawahara T. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the prostate: various imaging findings that indicate prostate cancer. BJU International 2011; 107: 1404-1410
- 100 Strazdina A, Krumina G, Sperga M. The value and limitations of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in detection of prostate cancer. Anticancer Res 2011; 31: 1421-1426
- 101 Sano F, Uemura H. The Utility and Limitations of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer. Sensors (Basel) 2015; 15: 4947-4957
- 102 Smeenge M, Barentsz J, Cosgrove D. et al. Role of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in focal therapy of prostate cancer: report from a Consensus Panel. BJU International 2012; 110: 942-948
- 103 Schalk SG, Demi L, Smeenge M. et al. 4-D spatiotemporal analysis of ultrasound contrast agent dispersion for prostate cancer localization: a feasibility study. IEEE Trans UltrasonFerroelectri Freq Control 2015; 62: 839-851
- 104 Postema AW, Frinking PJA, Smeenge M. et al. Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound parametric imaging for the detection of prostate cancer. BJU International 2016; 117: 598-603
- 105 Postema A, Mischi M, de la Rosette J. et al. Multiparametric ultrasound in the detection of prostate cancer: a systematic review. World J Urol 2015; 33: 1651-1659
- 106 Harvey CJ, Sidhu PS, Bachmann-Nielsen M. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in renal transplants: applications and future directions. Ultraschall in Med 2013; 34: 319-321
- 107 McArthur C, Baxter GM. Current and potential renal applications of contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Clin Radiol 2012; 67: 909-922
- 108 Girometti R, Stocca E, Granata A. et al. Impact of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in patients with renal function impairment. World J Radiol 2017; 28: 10-16
- 109 Granata A, Andrulli S, Fiorini F. et al. Diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in kidney transplant patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26: 715-720
- 110 Stenberg B, Talbot D, Khurram M. et al. A new technique for assessing renal transplant perfusion preoperatively using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) – a porcine modelpilot study. Ultraschall in Med 2011; 32: E8-E13
- 111 Stenberg B, Chandler C, Wyrley-Birch H. et al. Post-Operative 3-Dimensional Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) Versus Tc99m-DTPA in the Detection of Post-Surgical Perfusion Defects in Kidney Transplants: Preliminary Findings. Ultraschall in Med 2014; 35: 273-278
- 112 Fernandez CP, Ripolles T, Martinez MJ. et al. Diagnosis of acute cortical necrosis in renal transplantation by contrast-enhanced ultrasound: a preliminary experience. Ultraschall in Med 2013; 34: 338-342
- 113 Kay DH, Mazonakis M, Geddes C. et al. Ultrasonic microbubble contrast agents and the transplant kidney. Clin Radiol 2009; 64: 1081-1087
- 114 Jin Y, Yang C, Wu S. et al. A novel simple onoinvasive index to predict renal transplant acute rejection by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Transplantation 2015; 99: 636-641
- 115 Tranquart F, Mercier L, Frinking P. et al. Perfusion quantification in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) ready for research projects and routine clinical use. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: S31-S38
- 116 Wang X, Yu Z, Guo R. et al. Assessment of postoperative perfusion with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in kidney transplantation. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8: 18399-18405
- 117 Dietrich CF, Wehrmann T, Hoffmann C. et al. Detection of the Adrenal Glands by Endoscopic or Transabdominal Ultrasound. Endoscopy 1997; 29: 859-864
- 118 Trojan J, Schwarz W, Sarrazin C. et al. Role of Ultrasonography in the Detection of Small Adrenal Masses. Ultraschall in Med 2002; 23: 96-100
- 119 Friedrich-Rust M, Schneider G, Bohle RM. et al. Contrast-enhanced sonography of adrenal masses; differentiation of adenomas and nonadenomatous lesions. Am J Roentgenol 2008; 191: 1852-1860
- 120 Friedrich-Rust M, Glasemann T, Polta A. et al. Differentiation between benign and malignant adrenal mass using contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Ultraschall in Medizin 2011; 32: 460-471
- 121 Dietrich CF, Ignee A, Barreiros AP. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for imaging of adrenal masses. Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 163-168
- 122 Slapa RZ, Kasperlik-Zaluska AA, Migda B. et al. Application of parametric ultrasound contrast agent perfusion studies for differentiation of hyperplastic adrenal nodules from adenomas – Initial study. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84: 1432-1435
- 123 Al Bunni F, Deganello A, Sellars ME. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) appearances of an adrenal phaeochromocytoma in a child with Von Hippel-Lindau disease. J Ultrasound 2014; 17: 307-311
- 124 Schreiber-Dietrich D, Buchhorn R, Dietrich CF. Blickdiagnose Nebennierentumor (Phächromozytom). Pädiat Prax 2014; 83: 239-248
- 125 Denbow ML, Welsh AW, Taylor MJ. et al. Twin fetuses: intravascular microbubble US contrast agent administration – early experience. Radiology 2000; 214: 724-728
- 126 Denbow ML, Blomley MJK, Cosgrove DO. et al. Ultrasound microbubble contrast angiography in monochorionic twin fetuses. Lancet 1997; 349: 773
- 127 Song Y, Yang J, Shen K. Preoperative evaluation of endometrial carcinoma by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. BJOG 2008; 116: 294-298
- 128 Testa AC, Ferrandina G, Fruscella E. et al. The Use of Contrasted Transvaginal Sonography in the Diagnosis of Gynecologic Diseases: A Preliminary Study. J Ultrasound Med 2005; 24: 1267-1278
- 129 Lieng M, Qvigstad E, Dahl GF. et al. Flow differences between endometrial polyps and cancer: a prospective study using intravenous contrast-enhanced transvaginal color flow Doppler and three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008; 32: 935-940
- 130 Dorenberg EJ, Hol PK, Jakobsen J. et al. Improved infarction rates in fibroids after the introduction of contrast-enhanced ultrasound during uterine artery embolization. Acta Radiologica 2012; 53: 34-38
- 131 Sconfienza LM, Lacelli F, Gandolfo N. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) assessment of superselective uterine fibroid embolization (SUFE): Preliminary experience. J Ultrasound 2008; 11: 158-161
- 132 Orden MR, Jurvelin JS, Kirkinen PP. Kinetics of a US Contrast Agent in Benign and Malignant Adnexal Tumors. Radiology 2003; 226: 405-410
- 133 Marret H, Sauget S, Giraudeau B. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Sonography Helps in Discrimination of Benign From Malignant Adnexal Masses. J Ultrasound Med 2004; 23: 1629-1639
- 134 Testa AC, Timmerman D, Exacoustos C. et al. The role of CnTI-SonoVue in the diagnosis of ovarian masses with papillary projections: a preliminary study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2007; 29: 512-516
- 135 Testa AC, Timmerman D, Van Belle V. et al. Intravenous contrast ultrasound examination using contrast-tuned imaging (CnTI) and the contrast medium SonoVue fro discrimination between benign and malignant adnexal masses with solid components. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009; 34: 699-710
- 136 D’Onofrio M, Biagioli E, Gerardi C. et al. Diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound (ECEUS) for the differentation of pancreatic lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultraschall in Med 2014; 35: 515-521
- 137 D’Onofrio M, Canestrini S, De Robertis R. et al. CEUS of the pancreas: Still research or the standard of care. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84: 1644-1649
- 138 Dietrich CF, Braden B, Hocke M. et al. Improved characterisation of solitary solid pancreatic tumours using contrast enhanced transabdominal ultrasound. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2008; 134: 635-643
- 139 D’Onofrio M, Megibow AJ, Faccioli N. et al. Comparison of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography and MRI in Displaying Anatomic Features of Cystic Pancreatic Masses. Am J Roentgenol 2007; 189: 1435-1442
- 140 Fan Z, Li Y, Yan K. et al. Application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesionsGÇöA comparison of conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced CT. Eur J Radiol 2013; 82: 1385-1390
- 141 Kitano M, Kudo M, Maekawa K. et al. Dynamic imaging of pancreatic diseases by contrast enhanced coded phase inversion harmonic ultrasonography. Gut 2004; 53: 854-859
- 142 D’Onofrio M, Malago R, Zamboni G. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography better identifies pancreatic tumor vascularization than helical CT. Pancreatology 2005; 5: 398-402
- 143 Faccioli N, D’Onofrio M, Malaga R. et al. Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Depiction of Tumoral Margins at Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography. Pancreas 2008; 37: 265-268
- 144 Grossjohann HS, Rappeport ED, Jensen C. et al. Usefulness of contrast-enhanced transabdominal ultrasound for tumor classification and tumor staging in the pancreatic head. Scand j Gastroenterol 2010; 45: 917-924
- 145 D’Onofrio M, Zamboni G, Tognolini A. et al. Mass-forming pancreatitis: Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12: 4181-4184
- 146 Kersting S, Konopke R, Kersting F. et al. Quantitative Perfusion Analysis of Transabdominal Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography of Pancreatic Masses and Carcinomas. Gastroenterol 2009; 137: 1903-1911
- 147 Numata K, Ozawa Y, Kobayashi N. et al. Contrast-enhanced sonography of pancreatic carcinoma; correlations with pathological findings. J Gastroenterol 2005; 40: 631-640
- 148 D’Onofrio M, Barbi E, Dietrich CF. et al. Pancreatic multicenter ultrasound study (PAMUS). Eur J Radiol 2012; 81: 630-638
- 149 Serra C, Felicani C, Mazzotta E. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Differential Diagnosis of Exocrine Versus Neuroendocrine Pancreatic Tumors. Pancreas 2013; 42: 871-877
- 150 Wang Y, Yan K, Fan Z. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography of Pancreatic Carcinoma: Correlation with Pathologic Findings. Ultrasound Med Biol 2016; 42: 891-898
- 151 D’Onofrio M, Crosara S, Signorini M. et al. Comparison between CT and CEUS in the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Ultraschall in Med 2013; 34: 377-381
- 152 Bernatik T, Seitz K, Blang W. et al. Unclear focal liver lesions in contrast-enhanced ultrasonography – lessons to be learned from the DEGUM multicenter study for the characterization of liver tumors. Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 587-596
- 153 Sidhu PS, Brabrand K, Cantisani V. et al. EFSUMB Guidelines on Interventional Ultrasound (INVUS) Part II Diagnostic Ultrasound-Guided Interventional Procedures (Short Version). Ultraschall in Med 2016; 36: 566-580
- 154 Wei Y, Yu XL, Liang P. et al. Guiding and Controlling Percutaneous Pancreas Biopsies with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound: Target Lesions Are Not Localized on B-Mode Ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol 2015; 41: 1561-1569
- 155 Tawada K, Yamaguchi T, Kobayashi A. et al. Changes in Tumor Vascularity Depicted by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography as a Predictor of Chemotherapeutic Effect in Patients With Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2009; 38: 30-35
- 156 Kobayashi A, Yamaguchi T, Ishihara T. et al. Evaluation of vascular signal in pancreatic ductal carcinoma using contrast enhanced ultrasonography: effect of systemic chemotherapy. Gut 2005; 54: 1047
- 157 D’Onofrio M, Mansueto G, Falconi M. et al. Neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor. Abdom Imaging 2004; 29: 246-258
- 158 Malago R, D’Onofrio M, Zamboni GA. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Sonography of Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. Am J Roentgenol 2009; 192: 424-430
- 159 Falconi M, Bartsch DF, Eriksson B. et al. ENETS consesus guidelines for the management of patients with digestive neuroendocrine neoplasms of the digestive system: well-differentiated pancreatic non-functioning tumors. Neuroendocrinology 2012; 95: 120-134
- 160 Fan Z, Yan K, Wang Y. et al. Application of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Cystic Pancreatic Lesions Using a Simplified Classification Diagnostic Criterion. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015: 974621
- 161 Vasile TA, Socaciu M, Stanluga R. et al. Added value of intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasoundfor characterization of cystic pancreatic masses: a prospective study on 37 patients. Med Ultrason 2012; 14: 108-114
- 162 Rickes S, Wermke W. Differentiation of cystic pancreatic neoplasms and pseudocysts by conventional and echo-enhanced ultrasound. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 19: 761-766
- 163 Itoh T, Hirooka Y, Itoh A. et al. Usefulness of Contrast-Enhanced Transabdominal Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumors of the Pancreas. Am J Gastroenterol 2005; 100: 144-152
- 164 Pezzilli R, Serra C, Calculli L. et al. Three-Dimensional Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas: A Comparison With Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Pancreas 2013; 42: 1164-1168
- 165 Buscarini E, Pezzilli R, Cannizzaro R. et al. Italian consensus guidelines for the diagnostic work-up and follow-up of cystic pancreatic neoplasms. Dig Liver Dis 2014; 46: 479-493
- 166 D’Onofrio M, Gallotti A, Pozzi Mucelli R. Imaging techniques in pancreatic tumors. Expert Rev Med Devices 2010; 7: 257-273
- 167 Ripolles T, Martinez MJ, Lopez E. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the staging of acute pancreatitis. Eur Radiol 2010; 20: 2518-2523
- 168 Ardelean M, Sirli R, Sporea I. et al. Contrast enhanced ultrasound in the pathology of the pancreas. A monocentric experience. Med Ultrason 2014; 16: 325-331
- 169 Vitali F, Pfeifer L, Janson C. et al. Quantitative perfusion analysis in pancreatic contrast enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US): a promising tool for the differentiation between autoimmune pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Z Gastroenterol 2015; 53: 1175-1181
- 170 Mauch M, Blank W, Kunze G. et al. Importance of Abdominal Ultrasound in 17 Patients with Histologically Confirmed Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP). Ultraschall in Med 2015; 36: 248-254
- 171 Ito T, Kenmochi T, Nishikawa T. et al. A Novel Screening Test for Detecting Graft Thrombosis After Pancreatic Transplantation Using Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography With Sonazoid. Transplant Proc 2014; 46: 1917-1919
- 172 Rennert J, Farkas S, Georgieva M. et al. Identification of early complications following pancreas and renal transplantation using contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) – first results. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2014; 58: 343-352
- 173 Aboutaleb E, Leen E, Hakim N. Assessment of Viability of the Pancreas for Transplantation Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound. Transplant Proc 2011; 43: 418-421
- 174 Kersting S, Ludwig S, Ehehalt F. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography in Pancreas Transplantation. Transplantation 2013; 95: 209-214
- 175 Nylund K, hausken T, Gilja OH. Ultrasound and inflammatory bowel disease. Ultrasound Q 2010; 26: 3-15
- 176 Gorce JM, Arditi D, Schneider M. IInfluence of bubble size distribution on the echogenicity of ultrasound contrast agents: a study of SonoVue. Invest Radiol 2000; 35: 661-671
- 177 Plikat K, Klebi F, Buchner C. et al. Evaluation of intestinal hyperaemia in inflammed bowel by high resolution contarst harmonic imaging (CHI). Ultraschall in Med 2000; 25: 257-262
- 178 Girlich C, Jung EM, Iesalnieks I. et al. Quantitative assessment of bowel wall vascularisation in Crohn’s disease with contrast-enhanced ultrasound and perfusion analysis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2009; 43: 141-148
- 179 Kratzer W, Schmidt SA, Mittrach C. et al. Contrast-enhanced wideband harmonic imaging ultrasound (SonoVue): a new technique for quantifying bowel wall vascularity in Crohn’s disease. Scand j Gastroenterol 2005; 40: 985-991
- 180 De Pascale A, Garofalo G, Perna M. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in Crohn’s disease. Radiol Med 2006; 111: 539-550
- 181 De Franco A, MArzo M, Felice C. et al. Ileal Crohn’s disease: CEUS determination of activity. Abdom Imaging 2012; 37: 359-368
- 182 Bialecki M, Bialecka A, Laskowska K. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in Crohn’s disease diagnostic. Hepatogastroenterol 2015; 62: 927-932
- 183 Roccarina D, Garcovich M, Ainora ME. et al. Diagnosis of bowel diseases: the role of imaging and ultrasonography. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19: 2144-2153
- 184 Chiorean L, Schreiber-Dietrich D, Braden B. et al. Ultrasonographic imaging of inflammatory bowel disease in pediatric patients. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21: 5231-5241
- 185 Schreyer AG, Finkenzeller T, Gossmann H. et al. Microcirculation and perfusion with contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in Crohn’s disease: first results with linear contrast harmonic imaging (CHI). Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2008; 40: 143-155
- 186 Pauls S, Gabelmann A, Schmidt SA. et al. Evaluting bowel wall vascularity in Crohn’s disease: a comparison of dynamic MRI and wideband harmonic imaging contrat-enhanced low MI ultrasound. Eur Radiol 2006; 16: 2410-2417
- 187 Malago R, D’Onofrio M, Mantovani W. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) vs. MRI of the small bowel in the evaluation of Crohn’s disease activity. La Radiologia Medica 2012; 117: 268-281
- 188 Badea R, Socaciu M, Ciobanu L. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CESU) for the evaluation of the inflammation of the digestive tract wall. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2010; 19: 439-444
- 189 Robotti D, Cammarota T, Debani P. et al. Activity of Crohn disease: value of Color-Power-Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Abdo Imaging 2004; 29: 648-652
- 190 Serra C, Menozzi G, Labate AMM. et al. Ultrasound assessment of vascularization of the thickened terminal ileum wall in Crohn’s disease patients using a low-mechanical index real-time scanning technique with a second generation ultrasound contrast agent. Eur J Radiol 2007; 62: 114-121
- 191 Migaleddu V, Scanu AM, Quaia E. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Inflammatory Activity in Crohn’s Disease. Gastroenterology 2009; 137: 43-52
- 192 Girlich C, Schacherer D, Jung EM. et al. Comparison between quantitative assessment of bowel wall vascularization by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and results of histopathological scoring in ulcerative colitis. Int J Colorectal Dis 2012; 27: 193-198
- 193 Ripolles T, Martinez MJ, Paredes JM. et al. Crohn Disease: Correlation of Findings at Contrast-enhanced US with Severity at Endoscopy. Radiology 2009; 253: 241-248
- 194 Girlich C, Jung EM, Huber E. et al. Comparison between Preoperative Quantitative Assessment of Bowel Wall Vascularization by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Operative Macroscopic Findings and Results of Histopathological Scoring in Crohn’s Disease. Ultraschall in Med 2011; 32: 154-159
- 195 Romanini L, Passamonti M, Navarria M. et al. Quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the bowel wall can predict disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Radiol 2014; 83: 1317-1323
- 196 Saevik F, Nylund K, Hausken T. et al. Bowel Perfusion Measured with Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Predicts Treatment Outcome in Patients with Crohn’s Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2014; 20: 2029-2037
- 197 Guidi L, De Franco A, De Vitis I. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with SonoVue after infliximab therapy in Crohn’s disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2006; 10: 23-26
- 198 Quaia E, Migaleddu V, Baratella E. et al. The diagnostic value of small bowel wall vascularity after sulfur hexafluoride-filled microbubble injection in patients with Crohn’s disease. Correlation with the therapeutic effectiveness of specific anti-inflammatory treatment. Eur J Radiol 2009; 69: 438-444
- 199 Paredes JM, Ripolles T, Cortis X. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: Usefulness in the assessment of postoperative recurrence of Crohn’s disease. J Crohns Colitis 2013; 7: 192-201
- 200 Serafin Z, Bialécki M, Bialécka A. et al. Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound for Detection of Crohn’s Disease Activity: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Crohns Colitis 2016; 10: 354-362
- 201 Ma X, Li Y, Jia H. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Patients Suspected of Having Active Crohn’s Disease: Meta-analysis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2015; 41: 659-668
- 202 Kratzer W, von Tirpitz C, Mason R. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Power Doppler Sonography of the Intestinal Wall in the Differentiation of Hypervascularized and Hypovascularized Intestinal Obstructions in Patients With Crohn’s Disease. J Ultrasound Med 2002; 21: 149-157
- 203 Schirin-Sokhan R, Winograd R, Tischendorf S. et al. Assessment of Inflammatory and Fibrotic Stenoses in Patients with Crohns Disease Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Computerized Algorithm: A Pilot Study. Digestion 2011; 83: 263-268
- 204 Nylund K, Jirik R, Mezl M. et al. Quantitative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Comparison Between Inflammatory and Fibrotic Lesions in Patients with Crohn’s Disease. Ultrasound Med Biol 2013; 39: 1197-1206
- 205 Kinkel H, Michels G, Jaspers N. Ultraschall zur Diagnostik und Verlaufskontrolle chronisch-entzundlicher Darmerkrankungen. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2015; 140: 46-50
- 206 Schlottmann K, Kratzer W, Scholmerich J. Doppler ultrasound and intravenous contrast agents in gastrointestinal tract disorders: current role and future implications. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005; 17: 263-275
- 207 Ripolles T, Martinez-Perez MJ, Paredes JM. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the differentiation between phlegmon and abscess in Crohn’s disease and other abdominal conditions. Eur J Radiol 2013; 82: e525-e531
- 208 Henrich W, Meckies J, Friedmann W. Demonstration of a recto-vaginal fistula with ultrasound contrast medium Ehovist. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 15: 148-149
- 209 Heinzmann A, Muller T, Leitlein J. et al. Endocavity contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) – work in progress. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: 76-84
- 210 Ignee A, Cui X, Schuessler G. et al. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and drainage using extravascular contrast enhanced ultrasound. Z Gastroenterol 2015; 53: 385-390
- 211 Nonnenmacher S, Muller T, Haug U. et al. Nachweis einer iliacoenteralen Fistel als seltene Ursache einer unteren gastrointestinalen Blutung mittels Kontrastmittelsonografie (CEUS). Ultraschall in Med 2013; 34: 478-480
- 212 Gao JM, Tang SS, Fu W. et al. Signet-ring cell carcinoma of ampulla of Vater: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15: 888-891
- 213 Wang Y, Li L, Wang YX. et al. Time-Intensity Curve Parameters in Rectal Cancer Measured Using Endorectal Ultrasonography with Sterile Coupling Gels Filling the Rectum: Correlations with Tumor Angiogenesis and Clinicopathological Features. Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014: 587806
- 214 Stock K, Hann von Weyhern C, Slotta-Huspenina J. et al. Microcirculation of subepithelial gastric tumors using contras-enhanced ultrasoun. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2010; 45: 225-232
- 215 Dorffel Y, Wermke W. Neuroendocrine Tumors: Characterization with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography. Ultraschall in Med 2008; 29: 506-514
- 216 Cao BS, Li L, Li YX. et al. Assessment of abnormal bowel perfusion using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography after small bowel transplantation: A case report. J Clin Ultrasound 2013; 41: 370-272
- 217 Benedetti E, Bruno B, McDonald GB. et al. Prospective qualitative and quantitative non-invasive evaluation of intestinal acute GVHD by contrast-enhanced ultrasound sonography. Bone Marrow Transplant 2013; 48: 1421-1428
- 218 Schreyer AG, Landfried K, Zorger N. et al. Transmural penetration of intravenously applied microbubbles during contrast-enhanced ultrasound as a new diagnostic feature in patients with GVHD of the bowel. Bone Marrow Transplant 2011; 46: 1006-1011
- 219 Bachmann C, Klibanov AL, Olson TS. et al. Targeting Mucosal Addressin Cellular Adhesion Molecule (MAdCAM)-1 to Noninvasively Image Experimental Crohns Disease. Gastroenterology 2006; 130: 8-16
- 220 Zink F, Kratzer W, Schmidt S. et al. Comparison of Two High-End Ultrasound Systems for Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Quantification of Mural Microvascularity in Crohn’s Disease. Ultraschall in Med 2016; 37: 74-81
- 221 Neesse A, Huth J, Kunsch S. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound pattern of splenic metastases. A retrospective study in 32 patients. Ultraschall in Medizin 2010; 31: 264-269
- 222 Catalano O, Lobianco R, Sandomenico F. et al. Real-time contrast enhanced ultrasound of the spleen: examination technique and preliminary clinical experience. Radiol Med 2003; 106: 338-356
- 223 Lim AKP, Patel N, Eckersley RJ. et al. Evidence for Spleen-specific Uptake of a Microbubble Contrast Agent: A Quantitative Study in Healthy Volunteers. Radiology 2004; 231: 785-788
- 224 Catalano O, Cusati B, Nunziata A. et al. Real-time, contrast-specific sonography imaging of acute splenic disorders: a pictorial review. Emerg Radiol 2004; 11: 15-21
- 225 Catalano O, Sandomenico F, Vallone G. et al. Contrast-enhanced sonography of the spleen. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2006; 27: 426-433
- 226 Omar A, Freeman S. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of teh spleen. Ultrasound 2016; 24: 41-49
- 227 Catalano O, Sandomenico F, Matarazzo I. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Sonography of the Spleen. Am J Roentgenol 2005; 184: 1150-1156
- 228 Peddu P, Shah M, Sidhu PS. Splenic abnormalities: a comparative review of ultrasound, microbubble enhanced ultrasound and computed tomography. Clin Radiol 2004; 59: 777-792
- 229 Stang A, Keles H, Hentschke S. et al. Differentiation of Benign From Malignant Focal Splenic Lesions Using Sulfur Hexafluoride-Filled Microbubble Contrast-Enhanced Pulse-Inversion Sonography. Am J Roentgenol 2009; 193: 709-721
- 230 Gorg C. The forgotten organ: Contrast enhanced sonography of the spleen. Eur J Radiol 2007; 64: 189-201
- 231 Gorg C, Graef C, Bert T. Contrast-enhanced sonography for differential diagnosis of an inhomogenous spleen of unknown cause in patients with pain in the left upper quadrant. J Ultrasound Med 2006; 25: 729-734
- 232 Gorg C, Bert T. Second-Generation Sonographic Contrast Agent for Differential Diagnosis of Perisplenic Lesions. Am J Roentgenol 2006; 186: 621-626
- 233 Kim SH, Lee JM, Lee JY. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Sonography of Intrapancreatic Accessory Spleen in Six Patients. Am J Roentgenol 2007; 188: 422-428
- 234 Bertolotto M, Quaia E, Zappetti R. et al. Differential diagnosis between splenic nodules and peritoneal metastases with contrast-enhanced ultrasound based on signal-intensity characteristics during the late phase. Radiol Med 2009; 114: 42-51
- 235 Li W, Liu G, Wang W. et al. Real-time contrast enhanced ultrasound imaging of focal splenic lesions. Eur J Radiol 2014; 83: 646-653
- 236 von Herbay A, Barreiros AP, Ignee A. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with SonoVue. Differentiation between benign and malignant lesions of the spleen. J Ultrasound Med 2009; 28: 421-434
- 237 Cai DM, Parajuly SS, Ling WW. et al. Diagnostic value of contrast enhanced ultrasound for splenic artery complications following acute pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 1088-1094
- 238 Menozzi G, Maccabruni V, Gabbi E. et al. Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Evaluation of Splenic Embolization in Patients with Definite Left-Sided Infective Endocarditis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2013; 39: 2205-2210
- 239 Ignee A, Cui X, Hirche T. et al. Percutaneous biopsies of splenic lesions – a clinical and contrast based algorithm. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2014; 58: 529-541
- 240 Chen LW, Chien RN, Yen CL. et al. Splenic tumour: a clinicopathological study. Int J Clin Pract 2004; 58: 924-927
- 241 Yu X, Yu J, Liang P. et al. Real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosing of focal spleen lesions. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81: 430-436
- 242 Stang A, Keles H, Hentschke S. et al. Incidentally Detected Splenic Lesions in Ultrasound: Does Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography Improve the Differentiation of Benign Hemangioma/Hamartoma from Malignant Lesions?. Ultraschall in Med 2011; 32: 582-592
- 243 Taibbi A, Bartolotta TV, Matranga D. et al. Splenic Hemangiomas: Contrast-Enhanced Sonographic Findings. J Ultrasound Med 2012; 31: 543-553
- 244 Picardi M, Soricelli A, Pane F. et al. Contrast-enhanced Harmonic Compound US of the Spleen to Increase Staging Accuracy in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Prospective Study. Radiology 2009; 251: 574-582
- 245 Tafuto S, Catalano O, Barba G. et al. Real-time contrast-enhanced specific ultrasound in staging and follow-up of splenic lymphomas. Fron Biosci 2006; 11: 2224-2229
- 246 ten Kate GL, van den Oord SCH, Sijbrands EJG. et al. Current status and future developments of contrast-enhanced ultrasound of carotid atherosclerosis. J Vasc Surg 2013; 57: 539-546
- 247 Ventura CAP, da Silva ES, Cerri GG. et al. Can contrast-enhanced ultrasound with second-generation contrast agents replace computed tomography angiography for distinguishing between occlusion and pseudo-occlusion of the internal carotid artery?. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2015; 70: 1-6
- 248 Clevert DA, Sommer WH, Zengel P. et al. Imaging of carotid arterial diseases with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Eur J Radiol 2011; 80: 68-76
- 249 Shalhoub J, Owen DRJ, Gauthier T. et al. The use of contrast enhanced ultrasound in carotid arterial disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2010; 39: 381-387
- 250 Clevert DA, Sommer WH, Heick A. et al. Doplex and contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in evaluation of in-stent restenosis after carotid stenting. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2011; 48: 199-208
- 251 Li ZJ, Luo XH, Du LF. Identification of carotid artery dissection by contrast enhanced ultrasonography. A case report. Med Ultrason 2015; 17: 564-565
- 252 Clevert DA, Kubisch C, Meimarakis G. et al. Improved Visualization of Carotid-Jugular Arteriovenous Fistula by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound. Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 610-612
- 253 Jaff MR, Goldmakher GV, Lev MH. et al. Imaging of the carotid arteries: the role of duplex ultrasonography, magnetic resonance arteriography, and computerized tomographic arteriography. Vasc Med 2008; 13: 281-292
- 254 van den Oord SCH, ten Kate GL, Sijbrands EJG. et al. Effect of Carotid Plaque Screening Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound on Cardiovascular Risk Stratification. Am J Cardiol 2013; 111: 754-759
- 255 ten Kate GL, Sijbrands EJ, Staub D. et al. Noninvasive Imaging of the Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaque. Curr Probl Cardiol 2010; 35: 556-591
- 256 ten Kate GL, van Dijk AC, van den Oord SCH. et al. Usefulness of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Detection of Carotid Plaque Ulceration in Patients With Symptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis. Am J Cardiol 2013; 112: 292-298
- 257 Coli S, Magnoni M, Sangiorgi G. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging of Intraplaque Neovascularization in Carotid Arteries: Correlation With Histology and Plaque Echogenicity. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52: 223-230
- 258 Giannoni MF, Vicenzini E, Citone M. et al. Contrast Carotid Ultrasound for the Detection of Unstable Plaques with Neoangiogenesis: A Pilot Study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2009; 37: 722-727
- 259 Zhang Q, Li C, Han H. et al. Spatio-temporal Quantification of Carotid Plaque Neovascularization on Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound: Correlation with Visual Grading and Histopathology. Eur J Vasc Endovas Surg 2015; 50: 289-296
- 260 Li C, He W, Guo D. et al. Quantification of Carotid Plaque Neovascularization Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound With Histopathologic Validation. Ultrasound Med Biol 2014; 40: 1827-1833
- 261 Vavuranakis M, Sigala F, Vrachatis DA. et al. Quantitative analysis of carotid plaque vasa vasorum by CEUS and correlation with histology after endarterectomy. VASA 2013; 42: 184-195
- 262 Owen DR, Shalhoub J, Miller S. et al. Inflammation within carotid atherosclerotic plaque: assessment with late-phase contrast-enhanced US. Radiology 2010; 255: 638-644
- 263 Shalhoub J, Monaco C, Owen DRJ. et al. Late-Phase Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Reflects Biological Features of Instability in Human Carotid Atherosclerosis. Stroke 2011; 42: 3634-3636
- 264 Staub D, Schinkel AFL, Coll B. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging of the Vasa Vasorum: From Early Atherosclerosis to the Identification of Unstable Plaques. JACC: Cardiovasc Imaging 2010; 3: 761-771
- 265 Staub D, Patel MB, Tibrewala A. et al. Vasa Vasorum and Plaque Neovascularization on Contrast-Enhanced Carotid Ultrasound Imaging Correlates With Cardiovascular Disease and Past Cardiovascular Events. Stroke 2010; 41: 41-47
- 266 Ritter MA, Theismann K, Schmiedel M. et al. Vascularization of carotid plaque in recently symptomatic patients is associated with the occurrence of transcranial microembolic signals. Eur J Neurol 2013; 20: 1218-1221
- 267 van den Oord SCH, Akkus Z, Renaud G. et al. Assessment of carotid atherosclerosis, intraplaque neovascularization, and plaque ulceration using quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 15: 1213-1218
- 268 Kim HS, Woo JS, Kim BY. et al. Biochemical and clinical correlation of intraplaque neovascularization using contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the carotid artery. Atherosclerosis 2014; 233: 579-583
- 269 van den Oord SCH, Akkus Z, Roeters van Lennep JE. et al. Assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis and intraplaque neovascularization using quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis 2013; 231: 107-113
- 270 Nakamura J, Nakamura T, Deyama J. et al. Assessment of carotid plaque neovascularization using quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging is useful for risk stratification in patients with coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 2015; 195: 113-119
- 271 Deyama J, Nakamura T, Takishima I. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging of Carotid Plaque Neovascularization Is Useful for Identifying High-Risk Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Circ J 2013; 77: 1499-1507
- 272 Schinkel AFL, van den Oord SCH, van der Steen AFW. et al. Utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the assessment of the carotid artery wall in patients with Takayasu or giant cell arteritis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 15: 541-546
- 273 Possemato N, Macchioni P, Germano G. et al. Clinical images: PET-CT and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in TakayasuGÇÖs arteritis. Rheumatology(Oxford) 2014; 53: 447
- 274 Perren F, Poglia D, Landis T. et al. Vertebral artery hypoplasia: a predisposing factor for posterior circulation stroke?. Neurology 2007; 68: 65-67
- 275 Caplan LR. Arterial occlusions: does size matter?. J Neuro Neurosurg Psych 2007; 78: 916
- 276 Catalano O, Lobianco R, Cusati B. et al. Contrast-enhanced sonography for diagnosis of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Am J Roentgenol 2005; 184: 423-427
- 277 Clevert DA, Stickel M, Johnson T. et al. Imaging of aortic abnormalities with contrast-enhanced ultrasound. A pictorial comparison with CT. Eur Radiol 2007; 17: 2991-3000
- 278 Pennell RC, Hollier LH, Lie JT. et al. Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms: A thirty-year review. J Vasc Surg 1985; 2: 859-869
- 279 Clevert DA, Schick K, Chen MH. et al. Role of contrast enhanced ultrasound in detection of abdominal aortic abnormalities in comparison with multislice computed tomography. Clin Med J (Eng) 2009; 122: 858-864
- 280 Thurnher M, Cejna M. Imaging of aortic stent-grafts and endoleaks. Radiol Clin North Am 2002; 40: 799-833
- 281 Clevert DA, Sommer WH, Meimerakis G. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound compared with multislice computed tomography for endovascular aneurysm repair surveillance. Ultrasound 2011; 19: 11-19
- 282 Clevert DA, Horng A, Clevert DA. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound versus conventional ultrasound and MS-CT in the diagnosis of abdominal aortic dissection. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2009; 43: 129-139
- 283 d’Audiffret A, Desgranges P, Kobeiter DH. et al. Follow-up evaluation of endoluminally treated abdominal aortic aneurysms with duplex ultrasonography: Validation with computed tomography. J Vasc Surg 2001; 33: 42-50
- 284 Sommer WH, Hoffmann RT, Becker CR. et al. Comparison of time-resolved CT angiography, contrast-enhanced ultrasound and digital subtraction angiography in a patient with a small type II endoleak after endovascular aneurysm repair. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2010; 45: 19-25
- 285 Jung EM, Rennert J, Fellner C. et al. Detection and Characterization of Endoleaks Following Endovascular Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms using Contrast Harmonic Imaging (CHI) with Quantitative Perfusion Analysis (TIC) Compared to CT Angiography (CTA). Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 564-570
- 286 Napoli V, Bargellini I, Sardella SG. et al. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Contrast-enhanced US for Missed Endoleaks after Endoluminal Repair. Radiology 2004; 233: 217-225
- 287 Clevert DA, Gurtler VM, Meimarakis G. et al. Classification of endoleaks in the follow-up after EVAR using the time-to-peak of the contrast agent in CEUS examination. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2013; 55: 183-191
- 288 Ten Bosch JA, Rouwet EV, Peters CTH. et al. Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound versus Computed Tomographic Angiography for Surveillance of Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010; 21: 638-643
- 289 Gurtler VM, Sommer WH, Meimarakis G. et al. A comparison between contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging and multislice computed tomography in detecting and classifying endoleaks in the follow-up after endovascular aneurysm repair. J Vasc Surg 2013; 58: 340-345
- 290 Sidhu PS, Allan PL, Cattin F. et al. Diagnostic efficacy of SonoVue(R), a second generation contrast agent, in the assessment of extracranial carotid or peripheral arteries using colour and spectral Doppler ultrasound: a multicentre study. Br J Radiol 2006; 79: 44-51
- 291 Pfister K, Kasprzak PM, Apfelbeck H. et al. Stellenwert der Kontrastmittelsonografie in der Gefabchirurgie. Zentralbl Chir 2014; 139: 518-524
- 292 Rubenthaler J, Reiser M, Clevert DA. Diagnostic vascular ultrasonography with the help of color Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Ultrasonography 2016; 35: 289-301
- 293 Seidel G, Meairs S. Ultrasound Contrast Agents in Ischemic Stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2009; 27: 25-39
- 294 Seidel G, Kaps M. Harmonic imaging of the vertebrobasilar system. Stroke 1997; 28: 1610-1613
- 295 Postert T, Braun B, Meves S. et al. Contrast-enhanced transcranial color-coded sonography in acute hemispheric brain infarction. Stroke 1999; 30: 1819-1826
- 296 Droste DW, Jurgens R, Weber S. et al. Benefit of Echocontrast-Enhanced Transcranial Color-Coded Duplex Ultrasound in the Assessment of Intracranial Collateral Pathways. Stroke 2000; 31: 920-923
- 297 Eyding J, Krogias C, Schollhammer M. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonic Parametric Perfusion Imaging Detects Dysfunctional Tissue at Risk in Acute MCA Stroke. J Cerebl Blood Flow Metab 2006; 26: 576-582
- 298 Bartels E, Henning S, Wellmer A. et al. Evaluation of Cerebral Perfusion Deficit in Stroke Patients Using New Transcranial Contrast Imaging CPS Technology – Preliminary Results. Ultraschall in Med 2005; 26: 478-486
- 299 Bartels E, Bittermann HJ. Transcranial Contrast Imaging of Cerebral Perfusion in Patients With Space-Occupying Intracranial Lesions. J Ultrasound Med 2006; 25: 499-507
- 300 Seidel G, Canger H, Meyer-Wiethe K. et al. On the Ability of Ultrasound Parametric Perfusion Imaging to Predict the Area of Infarction in AcuteIschemic Stroke. Ultraschall in Med 2006; 27: 543-548
- 301 Krogias C, Hennebohl C, Geier B. et al. Transcranial Ultrasound Perfusion Imaging and Perfusion-MRI – A Pilot Study on the Evaluation of Cerebral Perfusion in Severe Carotid Artery Stenosis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2010; 36: 1973-1980
- 302 Krogias C, Meves SH, Hansen C. et al. Ultrasound Perfusion Imaging of the Brain – Routine and Novel Applications: Uncommon Cases and Review of the Literature. J Neuroimaging 2011; 21: 255-258
- 303 Nedelmann M, Ritschel N, Doenges S. et al. Combined Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and rt-PA Treatment is Safe and Improves Impaired Microcirculation after Reperfusion of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2010; 30: 1712-1720
- 304 Eggers J, Konig IR, Koch B. et al. Sonothrombolysis With Transcranial Color-Coded Sonography and Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator in Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Main Stem Occlusion: Results From a Randomized Study. Stroke 2008; 39: 1470-1475
- 305 Nacu A, Kvistad CE, Logallo N. et al. A pragmatic approach to sonothrombolysis in acute ischaemic stroke: the Norwegian randomised controlled sonothrombolysis in acute stroke study (NOR-SASS). BMC Neurol 2015; 15: 110
- 306 Schellinger PD, Alexandrov AV, Barreto AD. et al. Combined Lysis of Thrombus with Ultrasound and Systemic Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Emergent Revascularization in Acute Ischemic Stroke (Clotbust-ER): Design and Methodology of a Multinational Phase 3 Trial. Int J Stroke 2015; 10: 1141-1148
- 307 Saftoiu A, Dietrich CF, Vilmann P. Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound. Endoscopy 2012; 44: 612-617
- 308 Alvarez-Sanchez MV, Napoleon B. Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound imaging: Basic principles, present situation and future perspectives. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 15549-15563
- 309 Fusaroli P, Napoleon B, Gincul R. et al. The clinical impact of ultrasound contrast agents in EUS: a systematic review according to the levels of evidence. Gastrointest Endosc 2016; 84: 587-596
- 310 Cosgrove D, Piscaglia F, Bamber JC. et al. EFSUMB guidelines and recommendations on the clinical use of ultrasound elastography. Part 2: clinical applications. Ultraschall in Med 2013; 34: 238-253
- 311 Jenssen C, Hocke M, Fusaroli P. et al. EFSUMB Guidelines on Interventional Ultrasound (INVUS), Part IV: EUS-guided Interventions: General aspects and EUS-guided sampling (Long Version). Ultraschall in Med 2016; 37: E33-E76
- 312 Hocke M, Schulze E, Gottschalk P. et al. Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound in discrimination between focal pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12: 246-250
- 313 Gong T, Hu D, Zhu Q. Contrast-enhanced EUS for differential diagnosis of pancreatic mass lesions: a meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 2012; 76: 301-309
- 314 Hocke M, Ignee A, Topalidis T. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Endosonographic Doppler Spectrum Analysis Is Helpful in Discrimination Between Focal Chronic Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2007; 35: 286-288
- 315 Hocke M, Ignee A, Dietrich CF. Advanced Endosonographic Diagnostic Tools for Discrimination of Focal Chronic Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Carcinoma – Elastography, Contrast Enhanced High Mechanical Index (CEHMI) and Low Mechanical Index (CELMI) Endosonography in Direct Comparison. Z Gastroenterol 2012; 50: 199-203
- 316 Sakamoto H, Kitano M, Suetomi Y. et al. Utility of Contrast-Enhanced Endoscopic Ultrasonography for Diagnosis of Small Pancreatic Carcinomas. Ultrasound Med Biol 2008; 34: 525-532
- 317 Sâftoiu A, Iordache S, Gheonea DI. et al. Combined contrast-enhanced power Doppler and real-time sonoelastography performed during EUS, used in the differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic masses (with videos). Gastrointest Endosc 2010; 72: 739-747
- 318 Fusaroli P, Spada A, Mancino MG. et al. Contrast Harmonic Echo-Endoscopic Ultrasound Improves Accuracy in Diagnosis of Solid Pancreatic Masses. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 8: 629-634
- 319 Gincul R, Palazzo M, Pujol B. et al. Contrast-harmonic endoscopic ultrasound for the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a prospective multicenter trial. Endoscopy 2014; 46: 373-379
- 320 Napoleon B, Alvarez-Sanchez MV, Gincoul R. et al. Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound in solid lesions of the pancreas: results of a pilot study. Endoscopy 2010; 42: 564-570
- 321 Sâftoiu A, Vilmann P, Dietrich CF. et al. Quantitative contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS in differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic masses (with videos). Gastroint Endosc 2015; 82: 59-69
- 322 Matsubara H, Itoh A, Kawashima H. et al. Dynamic Quantitative Evaluation of Contrast-Enhanced Endoscopic Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Diseases. Pancreas 2011; 40: 1073-1079
- 323 Kitano M, Kudo M, Yamao K. et al. Characterization of Small Solid Tumors in the Pancreas: The Value of Contrast-Enhanced Harmonic Endoscopic Ultrasonography. Am J Gastroenterol 2012; 107: 303-310
- 324 Lee TY, Cheon YK, Shim CS. Clinical Role of Contrast-Enhanced Harmonic Endoscopic Ultrasound in Differentiating Solid Lesions of the Pancreas: A Single-Center Experience in Korea. Gut Liver 2013; 7: 599-604
- 325 Ishikawa T, Itoh A, Kawashima H. et al. Usefulness of EUS combined with contrast-enhancement in the differential diagnosis of malignant versus benign and preoperative localization of pancreatic endocrine tumors. Gastrointest Endosc 2010; 71: 951-959
- 326 Yamashita Y, Kato J, Ueda K. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Endoscopic Ultrasonography for Pancreatic Tumors. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015: 491782
- 327 Seicean A, Badea R, Stan-Iuga R. et al. Quantitative Contrast-Enhanced Harmonic Endoscopic Ultrasonography for the Discrimination of Solid Pancreatic Masses. Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 571-576
- 328 Gheonea DI, Streba CT, Ciurea T. et al. Quantitative low mechanical index contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound for the differential diagnosis of chronic pseudotumoral pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2013; 13: 2
- 329 Imazu H, Kanazawa K, Mori N. et al. Novel quantitative perfusion analysis with contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS for differentiation of autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreatic carcinoma. Scand j Gastroenterol 2012; 47: 853-860
- 330 Dietrich CF, Sahai AV, D’Onofrio M. et al. Differential diagnosis of small solid pancreatic lesions. Gastrointest Endosc 2016; 84: 933-940
- 331 Seicean A, Badea R, Moldovan-Pop A. et al. Harmonic Contrast-Enhanced Endoscopic Ultrasonography for the Guidance of Fine-Needle Aspiration in Solid Pancreatic Masses. Ultraschall in Med 2017; 38: 174-182
- 332 Hou X, Jin Z, Xu C. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Harmonic Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration in the Diagnosis of Solid Pancreatic Lesions: A Retrospective Study. PLoS ONE 2015; 10: e0121236
- 333 Imazu H, Uchiyama Y, Matsunaga K. et al. Contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS with novel ultrasonographic contrast (Sonazoid) in the preoperative T-staging for pancreaticobiliary malignancies. Scand j Gastroenterol 2010; 45: 732-738
- 334 Hirooka Y, Goto H, Ito A. et al. Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography in pancreatic diseases: a preliminary study. Am J Gastroenterol 1998; 93: 632-635
- 335 Hocke M, Cui XW, Domagk D. et al. Pancreatic cystic lesions: The value of contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound to influence the clinical pathway. Endosc Ultrasound 2014; 3: 123-130
- 336 Fusaroli P, Serrani M, De Giorgio R. et al. Contrast Harmonic-Endoscopic Ultrasound Is Useful to Identify Neoplastic Features of Pancreatic Cysts (With Videos). Pancreas 2016; 45: 265-268
- 337 Kamata K, Kitano M, Omoto S. et al. Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography for differential diagnosis of pancreatic cysts. Endoscopy 2016; 48: 35-41
- 338 Kurihara N, Kawamoto H, Kobayashi Y. et al. Vascular patterns in nodules of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms depicted under contrast-enhanced ultrasonography are helpful for evaluating malignant potential. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81: 66-70
- 339 Yamashita Y, Ueda K, Itonaga M. et al. Usefulness of Contrast-Enhanced Endoscopic Sonography for Discriminating Mural Nodules From Mucous Clots in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms: A Single-Center Prospective Study. J Ultrasound Med 2013; 32: 61-68
- 340 Harima H, Kaino S, Shinoda S. et al. Differential diagnosis of benign and malignant branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm using contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21: 6252-6260
- 341 Ohno E, Itoh A, Kawashima H. et al. Malignant Transformation of Branch DuctGÇôType Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas Based on Contrast-Enhanced Endoscopic Ultrasonography Morphological Changes: Focus on Malignant Transformation of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm Itself. Pancreas 2012; 41: 855-862
- 342 Park CH, Chung MJ, Oh TG. et al. Differential diagnosis between gallbladder adenomas and cholesterol polyps on contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography. Surg Endosc 2013; 27: 1414-1421
- 343 Choi JH, Seo DW, Choi JH. et al. Utility of contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS in the diagnosis of malignant gallbladder polyps (with videos). Gastrointest Endosc 2013; 78: 484-493
- 344 Imazu H, Mori N, Kanazawa K. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Harmonic Endoscopic Ultrasonography in the Differential Diagnosis of Gallbladder Wall Thickening. Dig Dis Sci 2014; 59: 1909-1916
- 345 Sugimoto M, Takagi T, Konno N. et al. The efficacy of contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography in diagnosing gallbladder cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 25848
- 346 Kojima S, Goto H, Hirooka Y. et al. Differentiation of benign and malignant lymph nodes with contrast-enhanced echolymphography using endoscopy ultrasound-guided puncture. Hepatogastroenterology 2003; 50: 1285-1291
- 347 Hocke M, Menges M, Topalidis T. et al. Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound in discrimination between benign and malignant mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2008; 134: 473-480
- 348 Miyata T, Kitano M, Omoto S. et al. Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography for assessment of lymph node metastases in pancreatobiliary carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22: 3381-3391
- 349 Iordache S, Filip MM, Georgescu CV. et al. Contrast-enhanced power Doppler endosonography and pathological assessment of vascularization in advanced gastric carcinomas – a feasibility study. Med Ultrason 2012; 14: 101-107
- 350 Matsui S, Kudo M, Kitano M. et al. Evaluation of the response to chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer by contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS. Hepatogastroenterology 2015; 62: 595-598
- 351 Nomura N, Goto H, Niwa Y. et al. Usefulness of contrast-enhanced EUS in the diagnosis of upper GI tract diseases. Gastrointest Endosc 1999; 50: 555-560
- 352 Kannengiesser K, Mahlke R, Petersen F. et al. Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound is able to discriminate benign submucosal lesions from gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Scand j Gastroenterol 2012; 47: 1515-1520
- 353 Sakamoto H, Kitano M, Matsui S. et al. Estimation of malignant potential of GI stromal tumors by contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS (with videos). Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: 227-237
- 354 Yamashita Y, Kato J, Ueda K. et al. Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography can predict a higher malignant potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors by visualizing newly formed vessels. J Clin Ultrasound 2015; 43: 89-97
- 355 Zhao Y, Qian L, Li P. et al. The diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Endosc Ultrasound 2016; 5: 111-117
- 356 Paik WH, Choi JH, Seo DW. et al. Clinical Usefulness With the Combination of Color Doppler and Contrast-enhanced Harmonic EUS for the Assessment of Visceral Vascular Diseases. J Clin Gastroenterol 2014; 48: 845-850
- 357 Sato T, Yamazaki K, Toyota J. et al. Evaluation of hemodynamics in esophageal varices: Value of endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography with a galactose-based contrast agent. Hepatology Research 2003; 25: 55-61
- 358 Sato T, Yamazaki K, Toyota J. et al. Perforating veins in recurrent esophageal varices evaluated by endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography with a galactose-based contrast agent. J Gastroenterol 2004; 39: 422-428
- 359 Sato T, Yamazaki K, Toyota J. et al. Evaluation of arterial blood flow in esophageal varices via endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography with a galactose-based contrast agent. J Gastroenterol 2005; 40: 64-69
- 360 Chiu WC, Cushing BM, Rodriguez A. et al. Abdominal Injuries without Hemoperitoneum: A Potential Limitation of Focused Abdominal Sonography for Trauma (FAST). J Trauma 1997; 42: 617-623
- 361 Catalano O, Aiani L, Barozzi L. et al. CEUS in abdominal trauma: multi-center study. Abdominal Imaging 2009; 34: 225-234
- 362 Valentino M, Serra C, Zironi G. et al. Blunt Abdominal Trauma: Emergency Contrast-Enhanced Sonography for Detection of Solid Organ Injuries. Am J Roentgenol 2006; 186: 1361-1367
- 363 Miele V, Piccolo CL, Galluzzo M. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in blunt abdominal trauma. Br J Radiol 2016; 89: 20150823
- 364 Sessa B, Trinci M, Ianniello S. et al. Blunt abdominal trauma: role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the detection and staging of abdominal traumatic lesions compared to US and CE-MDCT. Radiol Med 2015; 120: 180-189
- 365 Cokkinos DD, Antypa E, Stefanidis K. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for imaging blunt abdominal trauma – indications, description of the technique and imaging review. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: 60-67
- 366 Durkin N, Deganello A, Sellars ME. et al. Post-traumatic liver and spleen pseudoaneurysms in children: diagnosis, management and follow-up screening using contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). J Pediat Surg 2016; 51: 289-292
- 367 Ferlay J, Steliarova-Foucher E, Lortet-Tieulent J. et al. Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Europe: Estimates for 40 countries in 2012. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49: 1374-1403
- 368 Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC. et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2015; 26: 1-133
- 369 Bartolotta TV, Midiri M, Galia M. et al. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of solitary thyroid nodules with contrast-enhanced ultrasound: initial results. Eur Radiol 2006; 16: 2234-2241
- 370 Zhang B, Jiang YX, Liu JB. et al. Utility of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules. Thyroid 2010; 20: 51-57
- 371 Yuan Z, Quan J, Yunxiao Z. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of solitary thyroid nodules. J Cancer Res Ther 2015; 11: 41-45
- 372 Deng J, Zhou P, Tian S. et al. Comparison of Diagnostic Efficacy of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound, Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging, and Their Combined Use in Differentiating Focal Solid Thyroid Nodules. PLoS ONE 2014; 9: e90674
- 373 Nemec U, Nemec SF, Novotny C. et al. Quantitative evaluation of contrast-enhanced ultrasound after intravenous administration of a microbubble contrast agent for differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules: assessment of diagnostic accuracy. Eur Radiol 2012; 22: 1357-1365
- 374 Cantisani V, Consorti F, Guerrisi A. et al. Prospective comparative evaluation of quantitative-elastosonography (Q-elastography) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the evaluation of thyroid nodules: Preliminary experience. Eur J Radiol 2013; 82: 1892-1898
- 375 Wu Q, Wang Y, Li Y. et al. Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in solid thyroid nodules with and without enhancement. Endocrine 2016; 1: 1-9
- 376 Ma X, Zhang B, Ling W. et al. Contrast-enhanced sonography for the identification of benign and malignant thyroid nodules: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Ultrasound 2016; 44: 199-209
- 377 Yu D, Han Y, Chen T. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions: Meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head and Neck Surgery 2014; 151: 909-915
- 378 Sun B, Lang L, Zhu X. et al. Accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the identification of thyroid nodules: a meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8: 12882-12889
- 379 Zhang XF, Hong YR, Bao XF. et al. Qualitative evaluation of thyroid nodues with gray-scale contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2008; 37: 515-518
- 380 Acharya UR, Sree SV, Swapna G. et al. Effect of complex wavelet transform filter on thyroid tumor classification in three-dimensional ultrasound. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2013; 227: 284-292
- 381 Vassallo P, Wernecke K, Roos N. et al. Differentiation of benign from malignant superficial lymphadenopathy: the role of high resolution US. Radiology 1992; 183: 215-220
- 382 Na DG, Lim HK, Byun HS. et al. Differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy: usefulness of color Doppler sonography. Am J Roentgenol 1997; 168: 1311-1316
- 383 Schmid-Wendter MH, Partscht K, Korting HC. et al. Improved differentiation of benign and malignant lymphadenopathy in patients with cutaneous melanoma by contrast-enhanced color Doppler sonography. Arc Dermatol 2002; 138: 491-497
- 384 Jin Y, He YS, Zhang MM. et al. Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of enlarged lymph nodes: a meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16: 2361-2368
- 385 Moritz JD, Ludwig A, Oestmann JW. Contrast-enhanced color Doppler sonography for evaluation of enlarged cervical lymph nodes in head and neck tumors. Am J Roentgenol 2000; 174: 1279-1284
- 386 Steppan I, Reimer D, Müller-Holzner E. et al. Breast Cancer in Women: Evaluation of Benign and Malignant Axillary Lymph Nodes with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound. Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 63-67
- 387 Stramare R, Scagliori E, Mannucci M. et al. The Role of Contrast-Enhanced Gray-Scale Ultrasonography in the Differential Diagnosis of Superficial Lymph Nodes. Ultrasound Q 2010; 26: 45-51
- 388 Rubaltelli L, Beltrame V, Tregnaghi A. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Characterizing Lymph Nodes With Focal Cortical Thickening in Patients With Cutaneous Melanoma. Am J Roentgenol 2011; 196: W8-W12
- 389 Dudau C, Hameed S, Gibson D. et al. Can Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Distinguish Malignant from Reactive Lymph Nodes in Patients with Head and Neck Cancers?. Ultrasound Med Biol 2014; 40: 747-754
- 390 Yu M, Liu Q, Song HP. et al. Clinical Application of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Superficial Lymphadenopathy. J Ultrasound Med 2010; 29: 735-740
- 391 Nakase K, Yamamoto K, Hiasa A. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination of lymph nodes in different types of lymphoma. Cancer Detect Prev 2006; 30: 188-191
- 392 Rubaltelli L, Khadivi Y, Tregnaghi A. et al. Evaluation of Lymph Node Perfusion Using Continuous Mode Harmonic Ultrasonography With a Second-Generation Contrast Agent. J Ultrasound Med 2004; 23: 829-836
- 393 Jin Y, Peng YL, Ma BY. et al. The perfusion pattern of lymphadenopathy in contrast-enhanced ultrasonography under different reference conditions. Sichuan Da Xue Xue BAo Yi Xue Ban 2014; 45: 1005-1009
- 394 Steinhart H, Zenk J, Sprang K. et al. Contrast-enhanced color Doppler sonography of parotid gland tumors. Eur Arch OtorhinoLaryngol 2003; 260: 344-348
- 395 Mansour N, Bas M, Stock KF. et al. Multimodal Ultrasonographic Pathway of Parotid Gland Lesions. Ultraschall in Med 2017; 38: 166-173
- 396 Knopf A, Mansour N, Chaker A. et al. Multimodal ultrasonographic characterisation of parotid gland lesions—A pilot study. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81: 3300-3305
- 397 Wei X, Li Y, Zhang S. et al. Evalution of microvascularization in focal salivary gland lesions by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and color Doppler sonography. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2013; 54: 259-271
- 398 Klotz LV, Gorkov R, Eichhorn ME. et al. Perfusion characteristics of parotid gland tumors evaluated by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Eur J Radiol 2013; 82: 2227-2232
- 399 David E, Cantisani V, De Vincentiis M. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the evaluation of parotid gland lesions: an update of the literature. Ultrasound 2016; 24: 104-110
- 400 Badea AF, Bran S, Tamas-Szora A. et al. Solid parotid tumors: an individual and integrative analysis of various ultrasonographic criteria. A prospective and observational study. Med Ultrason 2013; 15: 289-298
- 401 Klotz LV, Ingrisch M, Eichhorn ME. et al. Monitoring parotid gland tumors with a new perfusion software for contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2014; 58: 261-269
- 402 Fischer T, Paschen CF, Slowinski T. et al. Differentiation of Parotid Gland Tumors with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound. Rofo 2010; 182: 155-162
- 403 Sorelli PG, Cosgrove DO, Svensson WE. et al. Can contrast-enhanced sonography distingush benign from malignant breast masses. J Clin Ultrasound 2010; 38: 177-181
- 404 Balleyguier C, Opolon P, Mathieu MC. et al. New potential and applications of contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the breast: Own investigations and review of the literature. Eur J Radiol 2009; 69: 14-23
- 405 Liu H, Jiang YX, Liu JB. et al. Evaluation of breast lesions with contrast-enhanced ultrasound using the microvascular imaging technique: Initial observations. Breast 2008; 17: 532-539
- 406 Jia WR, Chai WM, Tang L. et al. Three-dimensional contrast enhanced ultrasound score and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging score in evaluating breast tumor angiogenesis: Correlation with biological factors. Eur J Radiol 2014; 83: 1098-1105
- 407 Cao XL, Bao W, Zhu SG. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Characteristics of Breast Cancer: Correlation with Prognostic Factors. Ultrasound Med Biol 2014; 40: 11-17
- 408 Zhang J, Cai L, Chen L. et al. CEUS Helps to Rerate Small Breast Tumors of BI-RADS Category 3 and Category 4. Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014: 572532
- 409 Xia HS, Wang X, Ding H. et al. Papillary breast lesions on contrast-enhanced ultrasound: morphological enhancement patterns and diagnostic strategy. Eur Radiol 2014; 24: 3178-3190
- 410 Wang Z, Zhou Q, Liu J. et al. Tumor size of breast invasive ductal cancer measured with contrast-enhanced ultrasound predicts regional lymph node metastasis and N stage. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014; 7: 6985-6991
- 411 Omoto K, Matsunaga H, Take N. et al. Sentinel Node Detection Method Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography with Sonazoid in Breast Cancer: Preliminary Clinical Study. Ultrasound Med Biol 2009; 35: 1249-1256
- 412 Sever A, Jones S, Cox K. et al. Preoperative localization of sentinel lymph nodes using intradermal microbubbles and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in patients with breast cancer. Br J Surg 2009; 96: 1295-1299
- 413 Sever AR, Mills P, Weeks J. et al. Preoperative Needle Biopsy of Sentinel Lymph Nodes Using Intradermal Microbubbles and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Patients With Breast Cancer. Am J Roentgenol 2012; 199: 465-470
- 414 Sever AR, Mills P, Jones SE. et al. Preoperative sentinel node identification with ultrasound using microbubbles in patients with breast cancer. Am J Roentgenol 2011; 196: 251-256
- 415 Cox K, Sever A, Jones S. et al. Validation of a technique using microbubbles and contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to biopsy sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in pre-operative breast cancer patients with a normal grey-scale axillary ultrasound. Eur J Surg Oncol 2013; 39: 760-765
- 416 Wang Y, Wang W, Li J. et al. Gray-Scale Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography Of Sentinel Lymph Nodes In A Metastatic. Acad Radiol 2009; 16: 957-962
- 417 Xie F, Zhang D, Cheng L. et al. Intradermal microbubbles and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a feasible approach for sentinel lymph node identification in early-stage breast cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13: 319
- 418 Gkegkes ID, Iavazzo C. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEU) using microbubbles for sentinel lymph node biopsy in breas cancer; a systemic review. Acta Chir Belg 2015; 115: 212-218
- 419 FitzGerald O, Bresnihan B. Synovial membrane cellularity and vascularity. Ann Rheum Dis 1995; 54: 511-515
- 420 Klauser A, Frauscher F, Schirmer M. Letter to the Editor. Eur Radiol 2004; 14: 545-546
- 421 Klauser AS, Peetrons P. Developments in musculoskeletal ultrasound and clinical applications. Skeletal Radiol 2010; 39: 1061-1071
- 422 De Zordo T, Mlekusch SP, Feuchtner GM. et al. Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Radiol 2007; 64: 222-230
- 423 Taylor PC. The value of sensitive imaging modalities in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2003; 5: 210-213
- 424 Hermann KG, Backhaus M, Schneider U. et al. Rheumatoid arthritis of the shoulder joint: Comparison of conventional radiography, ultrasound, and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 48: 3338-3349
- 425 Klauser A, Frauscher F, Schirmer M. et al. The value of contrast-enhanced color doppler ultrasound in the detection of vascularization of finger joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46: 647-653
- 426 Fiocco U, Stramare R, Coran A. et al. Vascular perfusion kinetics by contrast-enhanced ultrasound are related to synovial microvascularity in the joints of psoriatic arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2015; 34: 1903-1912
- 427 Doria SA, Kiss BMH, Lotito NAP. et al. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis of the knee: evaluation with contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasound. Pediatr Radiol 2001; 31: 524-531
- 428 Klauser A, Halpern EJ, Frauscher F. et al. Inflammatory low back pain: High negative predictive value of contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasound in the detection of inflamed sacroiliac joints. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 53: 440-444
- 429 Magarelli N, Guglielmi G, Di Matteo L. et al. Diagnostic utility of an echo-contrast agent in patients with synovitis using power Doppler ultrasound: a preliminary study with comparison to contrast-enhanced MRI. Eur Radiol 2001; 11: 1039-1046
- 430 Klauser A, Demharter J, De Marchi A. et al. Contrast enhanced gray-scale sonography in assessment of joint vascularity in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the IACUS study group. Eur Radiol 2005; 15: 2404-2410
- 431 Schueller-Weidekamm C, Krestan C, Schueller G. et al. Power Doppler Sonography and Pulse-Inversion Harmonic Imaging in Evaluation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovitis. Am J Roentgenol 2007; 188: 504-508
- 432 Cai XH, Yang SP, Shen HL. et al. Application of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and ultrasonography scores in rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8: 20056-20064
- 433 Klauser AS, Franz M, Arora R. et al. Detection of vascularity in wrist tenosynovitis: power doppler ultrasound compared with contrast-enhanced grey-scale ultrasound. Arthritis Res Ther 2010; 12: R209
- 434 Wamser G, Bohndorf K, Vollert K. et al. Power Doppler sonography with and without echo-enhancing contrast agent and contrast-enhanced MRI for the evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis of the shoulder joint: differentiation between synovitis and joint effusion. Skeletal Radiol 2003; 32: 351-359
- 435 Carotti M, Salaffi F, Manganelli P. et al. Power Doppler sonography in the assessment of synovial tissue of the knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis: a preliminary experience. Ann Rheum Dis 2002; 61: 877-882
- 436 Hau M, Kneitz C, Tony H. et al. High resolution ultrasound detects a decrease in pannus vascularisation of small finger joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving treatment with soluble tumour necrosis factor alpha receptor (etanercept). Ann Rheum Dis 2002; 61: 55-58
- 437 Genovese E, Ronga M, Recaldini C. et al. Analysis of achilles tendon vascularity with second-generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound. J Clin Ultrasound 2011; 39: 141-145
- 438 Song IH, Althoff CE, Hermann KG. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in monitoring the efficacy of a bradykinin receptor 2 antagonist in painful knee osteoarthritis compared with MRI. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68: 75-83
- 439 Qvistgaard E, Rogind H, Torp-Pedersen S. et al. Quantitative ultrasonography in rheumatoid arthritis: evaluation of inflammation by Doppler technique. Ann Rheum Dis 2001; 60: 690-693
- 440 Stramare R, Raffeiner B, Ciprian L. et al. Evaluation of finger joint synovial vascularity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using contrast-enhanced ultrasound with water immersion and a stabilized probe. J Clin Ultrasound 2012; 40: 147-154
- 441 Xie XH, Xu HX, Xie XY. et al. Differential diagnosis between benign and malignant gallbladder diseases with real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Eur Radiol 2010; 20: 239-248
- 442 Tang S, Wang Y, Wang Y. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to diagnose gallbladder perforation. Am J Emerg Med 2013; 31: 1240-1243
- 443 Fei X, Lu WP, Luo YK. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may distinguish gallbladder adenoma from cholesterol polyps: a prospective caseGÇôcontrol study. Abdom Imaging 2015; 40: 2355-2363
- 444 Sun LP, Guo LH, Xu HX. et al. Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the differential diagnosis between gallbladder adenoma and gallbladder adenoma canceration. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8: 1115-1121
- 445 Liu LN, Xu HX, Lu MD. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Gallbladder Diseases: A Multi-Center Experience. PLoS ONE 2012; 7: e48371
- 446 Date RS, Thrumurthy SG, Whiteside S. et al. Gallbladder perforation: Case series and systematic review. Int J Surg 2012; 10: 63-68
- 447 Smith EA, Dillman JR, Elsayes KM. et al. Cross-Sectional Imaging of Acute and Chronic Gallbladder Inflammatory Disease. Am J Roentgenol 2009; 192: 188-196
- 448 Kawai R, Hata J, Manabe N. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with Sonazoid for diagnosis of gangrenous cholecystitis. J Med Ultrason 2016; 43: 193-199
- 449 Revel L, Lubrano J, Badet N. et al. Preoperative diagnosis of gangrenous acute cholecystitis: usefulness of CEUS. Abdom Imaging 2014; 39: 1175-1181
- 450 Ripolles T, Martinez-Perez MJ, Martin G. et al. Usefulness of contrast-enhanced US in the diagnosis of acute gangrenous cholecystitis: A comparative study with surgical and pathological findings. Eur J Radiol 2016; 85: 31-38
- 451 Adamietz B, Wenkel E, Uder M. et al. Contrast enhanced sonography of the gallbladder: A tool in the diagnosis of cholecystitis?. Eur J Radiol 2007; 61: 262-266
- 452 Shapira-Rootman M, Mahamid A, Reindorp N. et al. Diagnosis of gallbladder perforation by ultrasound. Clin Imaging 2015; 39: 827-829
- 453 Sagrini E, Pecorelli A, Pettinari I. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to diagnose complicated acute cholecystitis. Intern Emerg Med 2016; 11: 19-30
- 454 Runner GJ, Corwin MT, Siewert B. et al. Gallbladder Wall Thickening. Am J Roentgenol 2013; 202: W1-W12
- 455 Xu JM, Guo LH, Xu HX. et al. Differential Diagnosis of Gallbladder Wall Thickening: The-áUsefulness of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol 2014; 40: 2794-2804
- 456 Mellnick VM, Menias CO, Sandrasegaran K. et al. Polypoid Lesions of the Gallbladder: Disease Spectrum with Pathologic Correlation. Radiographics 2015; 35: 387-399
- 457 Gallahan WC, Conway JD. Diagnosis and Management of Gallbladder Polyps. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2010; 39: 359-367
- 458 Corwin MT, Siewert B, Sheiman RG. et al. Incidentally Detected Gallbladder Polyps: Is Follow-up Necessary?GÇöLong-term Clinical and US Analysis of 346 Patients. Radiology 2011; 258: 277-282
- 459 Aloia TA, J+írufe N, Javle M. et al. Gallbladder Cancer: expert consensus statement. HPB (Oxford) 2015; 17: 681-690
- 460 Yuan HX, Cao JY, Kong WT. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of gallbladder adenoma. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2015; 14: 201-207
- 461 Nabatame N, Shirai Y, Nishimura A. et al. High risk of gallbladder carcinoma in elderly patients with segmental adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2004; 23: 593-598
- 462 Tang S, Huang L, Wang Y. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography diagnosis of fundal localized type of gallbladder adenomyomatosis. BMC Gastroenterol 2015; 15: 99
- 463 Levy AD, Murakata LA, Rohrmann CA. Gallbladder Carcinoma: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation. Radiographics 2001; 21: 295-314
- 464 Stinton LM, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology of Gallbladder Disease: Cholelithiasis and Cancer. Gut Liver 2012; 6: 172-187
- 465 Meacock LM, Sellars ME, Sidhu PS. Evaluation of Gall Bladder and Biliary Duct Disease Using Microbubble Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound. Br J Radiol 2010; 83: 615-627
- 466 Yoon WJ, Yoon YB, Kim YJ. et al. Metastasis to the gallbladder: A single-center experience of 20 cases in South Korea. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15: 4806-4809
- 467 Barretta ML, Catalano O, Setola SV. et al. Gallbladder metastasis: spectrum of imaging findings. Abdom Imaging 2011; 36: 729-734
- 468 Engelhardt M, Hansen C, Eyding J. et al. Feasibility of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography During Resection of Cerebral Tumours: Initial Results of a Prospective Study. Ultrasound Med Biol 2007; 33: 571-575
- 469 He W, Jiang X, Wang S. et al. Intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound for brain tumors. Clin Imaging 2008; 32: 419-424
- 470 Holscher T, Ozgur B, Singel S. et al. Introoperative ultrasound using phase inversion harmonic imaging: first experiences. Neurosurgery 2007; 60: 382-386
- 471 Kanno H, Ozawa Y, Sakata K. et al. Intraoperative power Doppler ultrasonography with a contrast-enhancing agent for intracranial tumors. J Neurosurg 2005; 102: 295-301
- 472 Prada F, Del Bene M, Moiraghi A. et al. From Grey Scale B-Mode to Elastosonography: Multimodal Ultrasound Imaging in Meningioma SurgeryGÇöPictorial Essay and Literature Review. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015: 925729
- 473 Prada F, Del Bene M, Saini M. et al. Intraoperative cerebral angiosonography with ultrasound contrast agents: how I do it. Acta Neurochir (Wein) 2015; 157: 1025-1029
- 474 Prada F, Perin A, Martegani A. et al. Intraoperative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Brain Tumor Surgery. Neurosurgery 2014; 74: 542-552
- 475 He W, Wang L, Li HZ. et al. Intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound in traumatic brain surgery. Clin Imaging 2013; 37: 983-988
- 476 Arlt F, Chalopin C, Muns A. et al. Intraoperative 3D contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS): a prospective study of 50 patients with brain tumours. Acta Neurochir (Wein) 2016; 158: 685-694
- 477 Prada F, Bene MD, Fornaro R. et al. Identification of residual tumor with intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound during glioblastoma resection. Neurosurg Focus 2016; 40: E7
- 478 Lekht I, Brauner N, Bakhsheshian J. et al. Versatile utilization of real-time intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound in cranial neurosurgery: technical note and retrospective case series. Neurosurg Focus 2016; 40: E6
- 479 Prada F, Mattei L, Del Bene M. et al. Intraoperative Cerebral Glioma Characterization with Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound. Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014: 484261
- 480 Prada F, Bene MD, Casali C. et al. Intraoperative Navigated Angiosonography for Skull Base Tumor Surgery. World Neurosurg 2015; 84: 1699-1707
- 481 Huang DY, Yusuf GT, Daneshi M. et al. Contrast-enhanced US guided Interventions: Improving Success Rate and Avoiding Complications Using US Contrast Agents. Radiographics 2016; 37: 652-664
- 482 Bang N, Bachmann Nielsen M, Vejborg I. et al. Clinical report: contrast enhancement of tumor perfusion as a guidance for biopsy. Eur J Ultrasound 2000; 12: 159-161
- 483 Wu W, Chen MH, Yin SS. et al. The Role of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography of Focal Liver Lesions Before Percutaneous Biopsy. Am J Roentgenol 2006; 187: 752-761
- 484 Wang S, Yang W, Zhang H. et al. The Role of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Selection Indication and Improveing Diagnosis for Transthoracic Biopsy in Peripheral Pulmonary and Mediastinal Lesions. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015: 231782
- 485 Cao BS, Wu JH, Li XL. et al. Sonographically Guided Transthoracic Biopsy of Peripheral Lung and Mediastinal Lesions: Role of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography. J Ultrasound Med 2011; 30: 1479-1490
- 486 Sparchez Z, Radu P, Kasco G. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound guided biopsy of superficial toraco-abdominal and neck lesions. Initial experience in 20 patients. Med Ultrason 2012; 14: 288-293
- 487 De Marchi A, Brach del Prever EM, Linari A. et al. Accuracy of core-needle biopsy after contrast-enhanced ultrasound in soft-tissue tumours. Eur Radiol 2010; 20: 2740-2748
- 488 Loizides A, Widmann G, Freuis T. et al. Optimizing Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of Musculoskeletal Masses by Application of an Ultrasound Contrast Agent. Ultraschall in Med 2011; 32: 307-310
- 489 Schlottmann K, Klebl F, Zorger N. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Allows for-áInterventions of Hepatic Lesions which are Invisible on-Conventional B-Mode. Z Gastroenterol 2004; 42: 303-310
- 490 Yoon SH, Lee KH, Kim SY. et al. Real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound-guided biopsy of focal hepatic lesions not localised on B-mode ultrasound. Eur Radiol 2010; 20: 2047-2056
- 491 Tang J, Zhang H, Lv F. et al. Percutaneous Injection Therapy for Blunt Splenic Trauma Guided by Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography. J Ultrasound Med 2008; 27: 925-932
- 492 Tokunaga S, Koda M, Kato J. et al. Assessment of Track Microbubble Flow Signals on Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound with Perflubutane Following Percutaneous Liver Biopsy. Intern Med 2013; 52: 1455-1459
- 493 Lorentzen T, Nolsoe CP, Ewertsen C. et al. EFSUMB guidelines on interventional ultrasound (INVUS), Part I general aspects (short version). Ultraschall in Med 2015; 36: 461-472
- 494 Wink MH, Lagerveld BW, Laguna MP. et al. Cryotherapy for Renal-Cell Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography for Follow-Up. J Endourol 2006; 20: 456-459
- 495 Johnson DB, Duchene DA, Taylor GD. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Evaluation of Radiofrequency Ablation of the Kidney: Reliable Imaging of the Thermolesion. J Endourol 2005; 19: 248-252
- 496 Campbell SC, Novick AC, Belldegrun A. et al. Guideline for Management of the Clinical T1 Renal Mass. J Urol 2009; 182: 1271-1279
- 497 Ignee A, Straub B, Schuessler G. et al. Contrast enhanced ultrasound of renal masses. World J Radiol 2010; 2: 15-31
- 498 Hoeffel C, Pousset M, Timsit MO. et al. Radiofrequency ablation of renal tumours: diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for early detection of residual tumour. Eur Radiol 2010; 20: 1812-1821
- 499 Meloni MF, Bertolotto M, Alberzoni C. et al. Follow-Up After Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Contrast-Enhanced Sonography Versus Contrast-Enhanced CT or MRI. Am J Roentgenol 2008; 191: 1233-1238
- 500 Meloni MF, Smolock A, Cantisani V. et al. Contrast enhanced ultrasound in the evaluation and percutaneous treatment of hepatic and renal tumors. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84: 1666-1674
- 501 Oh TH, Lee YH, Seo IY. Diagnostic Efficacy of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Small Renal Masses. Korean J Urol 2014; 55: 587-592
- 502 Ascenti G, Gaeta M, Magno C. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Second-Harmonic Sonography in the Detection of Pseudocapsule in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Am J Roentgenol 2004; 182: 1525-1530
- 503 Li X, Liang P, Yu J. et al. Role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluating the efficiency of ultrasound guided percutaneous microwave ablation in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Radiol Oncol 2013; 47: 398-404
- 504 Kong WT, Zhang WW, Guo HQ. et al. Application of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography after radiofrequency ablation for renal cell carcinoma: is it sufficient for assessment of therapeutic response?. Abdom Imaging 2011; 36: 342-347
- 505 Zhao X, Wang W, Zhang S. et al. Improved outcome of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in renal cell carcinoma: a retrospective study of intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in 73 patients. Abdom Imaging 2012; 37: 885-891
- 506 Barwari K, Wijkstra H, van Delden OM. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Evaluation of the Cryolesion After Laparoscopic Renal Cryoablation: An Initial Report. J Endourol 2012; 27: 402-407
- 507 Murat FJ, Poissonnier L, Rabilloud M. et al. Mid-term Results Demonstrate Salvage High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) as an Effective and Acceptably Morbid Salvage Treatment Option for Locally Radiorecurrent Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2009; 55: 640-649
- 508 Rouviere O, Glas L, Girouin N. et al. Prostate Cancer Ablation with Transrectal High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound: Assessment of Tissue Destruction with Contrast-enhanced US. Radiology 2011; 259: 583-591
- 509 Lei F, Jing Z, Bo W. et al. Uterine myomas treated with microwave ablation: The agreement between ablation volumes obtained from contrast-enhanced sonography and enhanced MRI. Int J Hyperthermia 2014; 30: 11-18
- 510 Orsi F, Monfardini L, Bonomo G. et al. Ultrasound guided high intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) ablation for uterine fibroids: Do we need the microbubbles?. Int J Hyperthermia 2015; 31: 233-239
- 511 Peng S, Hu L, Chen W. et al. Intraprocedure contrast enhanced ultrasound: The value in assessing the effect of ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound ablation for uterine fibroids. Ultrasonics 2015; 58: 123-128
- 512 Wang F, Zhang J, Han ZY. et al. Imaging manifestation of conventional and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in percutaneous microwave ablation for the treatment of uterine fibroids. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81: 2947-2952
- 513 Ignee A, Jenssen C, Cui XW. et al. Intracavitary contrast-enhanced ultrasound in abscess drainage – feasibility and clinical value. Scand J Gastroenterol 2016; 51: 41-47
- 514 Lanzani C, Savasi V, Leone FP. et al. Two-dimensional HyCoSy with contrast tuned imaging technology and a second generation contrast media for the assessment of tubal patency in an infertility program. Fertil-Steril 2009; 92: 1158-1161
- 515 Boudghene FP, BAzot M, Robert Y. et al. Assessment of fallopian tube patency by HyCoSy: comparison of a positive contrast agent with saline solution. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2001; 18: 525-530
- 516 Tamasi F, Weidner A, Domokos N. et al. ECHOVIST-200 enhanced hystero-sonography. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2005; 121: 186-190
- 517 Foschi FG, Piscaglia F, Pompili M. et al. Real-Time Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound GÇô a-áNew-áSimple Tool for Detection of Peritoneal-Pleural Communications in Hepatic Hydrothorax. Ultraschall in Med 2008; 29: 538-542
- 518 Matono T, Koda M, Murawaki Y. Right diaphragmatic defect in hepatic hydrothorax exposed by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography after radiofrequency ablation. Hepatology 2016; 56: 784-785
- 519 Tamano M, Hashimoto T, Kojima K. et al. Diagnosis of hepatic hydrothorax using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with intraperitoneal injection of Sonazoid. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 25: 383-386
- 520 Ignee A, Baum U, Schuessler G. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound-guided percutaneous cholangiography and cholangiodrainage (CEUS-PTCD). Endoscopy 2009; 41: 725-726
- 521 Urade T, Fukumoto T, Tanaka M. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Intraoperative Ultrasonic Cholangiography for Real-Time Biliary Navigation in Hepatobiliary Surgery. J Am Coll Surg 2014; 218: e43-e50
- 522 Chopra SS, Eisele R, Seehofer D. et al. Contrast enhanced ultrasound cholangiography via T-tube following liver transplantation. Ann Transplant 2012; 17: 108-112
- 523 Daneshi M, Rajayogeswaran B, Peddu P. et al. Demonstration of an ocult biliary-arterial fistula using percutaneous contrast-enhanced ultrasound cholangiography in a transplanted liver. J Clin Ultrasound 2014; 42: 108-111
- 524 Mao R, Xu EJ, Li K. et al. Usefulness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of biliary leakage following T-tube removal. J Clin Ultrasound 2010; 38: 38-40
- 525 Xu EJ, Mao R, Zheng RQ. et al. Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasonic cholangiography: a new technique for delineation of the biliary tract in a liver donor. Liver Transpl 2009; 15: 1154-1156
- 526 Zheng RQ, Chen G, Xu EJ. et al. Evaluating Biliary Anatomy and Variations in Living Liver Donors by a New Technique: Three-Dimensional Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonic Cholangiography. Ultrasound Med Biol 2010; 36: 1282-1287
- 527 Velosa M, Lopes S, Castro R. et al. Cholecystoduodenal fistula diagnosed with contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound. Endoscopy 2013; 45: E18-E19
- 528 Zuber-Jerger I, Endlicher E, Schälmerich J. et al. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography with contrast ultrasonography. Endoscopy 2008; 40 (Suppl. 02) E202
- 529 Cui XW, Ignee A, Maros T. et al. Feasibility and Usefulness of Intra-cavitary Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Percutaneous Nephrostomy. Ultrasound Med Biol 2016; 42: 2180-2188
- 530 Chi T, Usawachintachit M, Mongan J. et al. Feasibility of Antegrade Contrast-enhanced US Nephrostograms to Evaluate Ureteral Patency. Radiology 2016; 283: 273-279
- 531 Zengel P, Berghaus A, Weiler C. et al. Intraductally applied contrast-enhanced ultrasound (IA-CEUS) for evaluating obstructive disease and secretory dysfunction of the salivary glands. Eur Radiol 2011; 21: 1339-1348
- 532 Zengel P, Siedek V, Berghaus A. et al. Intraductally applied contrast-enhanced ultrasound (IA-CEUS) for improved visualization of obstructive diseases of the salivary glands, primary results. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2010; 45: 193-295
- 533 Chew SS, Yang JL, Newstead GL. et al. Analfistula: Levovist-enhanced endoanal ultrasound: a pilot study. Dis Colon Rectum 2003; 46: 377-384
- 534 Chen YJ, Mao R, Xie XH. et al. Intracavitary Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography to Detect Enterovesical Fistula in Crohns Disease. Gastroenterology 2016; 150: 315-317
- 535 Volkmer BG, Nesslauer T, Kufer R. et al. Diagnostik von Harnblasen-Darm-Fisteln durch kontrastmittelunterstetzte 3D-Sonographie. Ultraschall in Med 2001; 22: 81-86
- 536 Girlich C, Buttner R, Schacherer D. et al. Kontrastmittelsonografische Drainagenkontrolle: eine Feasibility-Studie. Z Gastroenterol 2011; 49: 1470-1474
- 537 Muller T, Blank W, Leitlein J. et al. Endocavitary contrast-enhanced ultrasound: A technique whose time has come?. J Clin Ultrasound 2015; 43: 71-80
- 538 Prantl L, Pfister K, Kubale R. et al. Value of high resolution ultrasound and contrast enhanced US pulse inversion imaging for teh evaluation of the vascular integrity of free-flap grafts. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2007; 36: 203-216
- 539 Gardiner MD, Nanchahal J. Strategies to ensure success of microvascular free tissue transfer. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2010; 63: e665-e673
- 540 Prantl L, Schmitt S, Geis S. et al. Contrast harmonic ultrasound and indocyanine-green fluorescence video angiography for evaluation of dermal and subdermal microcirculation in free parascapular flaps. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016; 38: 105-118
- 541 Prantl L, Schremi S, Walter M. et al. Evaluation of microcirculation of free flaps of the lower leg by contrast harmonic imaging (CHI) with time intensity curve (TIC) analysis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2008; 39: 343-350
- 542 Geis S, Prantl L, Dolderer J. et al. Postoperative Monitoring of Local and Free Flaps with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) – Analysis of 112 Patients. Ultraschall in Med 2013; 34: 550-558
- 543 Jung EM, Prantl L, Schreyer AG. et al. New perfusion imaging of tissue transplants with contrast harmonic ultrasound imaging (CHI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison with laser-induced indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2009; 43: 19-33
- 544 Geis S, Prantl L, Gehmert S. et al. TTP (time to peak) and RBV (regional blood volume) as valuable parameters to detect early flap failure. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2011; 48: 81-94
- 545 Lamby P, Prantl L, Schreml S. et al. Improvements in high resolution ultrasound for postoperative investigation of capillary microperfusion after free tissue transfer. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2009; 43: 35-49
- 546 Prantl L, Fellner C, Jung ME. Evaluation of Free Flap Perfusion with Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2010; 126: 100e-1011e
- 547 Lamby P, Prantl L, Fellner C. et al. Post-operative monitoring of tissue transfers: advantages using contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) and contrastMRI (ceMRI) with dynamic perfusion analysis?. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2011; 48: 105-117
- 548 Selber JC, Garvey PB, Clemens MW. et al. A Prospective Study of Transit-Time Flow Volume Measurement for Intraoperative Evaluation and Optimization of Free Flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 2013; 131: 270-281
- 549 Mirzabeigi MN, Wang T, Kovach SJ. et al. Free Flap Take-Back following Postoperative Microvascular Compromise: Predicting Salvage versus Failure. Plast Reconstr Surg 2012; 130: 579-589
- 550 Reissig A, Copetti R, Mathis G. et al. Lung Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Follow-up of Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Prospective, Multicenter, Diagnostic Accuracy Study. Chest 2012; 142: 965-972
- 551 Nazerian P, Vanni S, Volpicelli G. et al. Accuracy of Point-of-Care Multiorgan Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism. Chest 2014; 145: 950-957
- 552 Volpicelli G, Silva F, Radeos M. Real-time lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of alveolar consolidation and interstitial syndrome in the emergency department. Eur J Emerg Med 2010; 17: 63-72
- 553 Mathis G, Blank W, Reissig A. et al. Thoracic Ultrasound for Diagnosing Pulmonary Embolism: A Prospective Multicenter Study of 352 Patients. Chest 2005; 128: 1531-1538
- 554 Sartori S, Postorivo S, Vece FD. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in peripheral lung consolidations: Whats its actual role?. World J Radiol 2013; 5: 372-380
- 555 Bartelt S, Trenker C, Gorg C. et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of embolic consolidations in patients with pulmonary embolism: A pilot study. J Clin Ultrasound 2016; 44: 129-135
- 556 Gorg C, Bert T, Kring R. et al. Transcutaneous contrast enhanced sonography of the chest for evaluation of pleural based pulmonary lesions: experience in 137 patients. Ultraschall in Med 2006; 27: 437-444
- 557 Linde HN, Holland A, Greene BH. et al. Kontrastunterstzte Sonografie (CEUS) bei Pneumonie: Darstellungsmuster und prognostische Bedeutung eine retrospektive Studie bei 50 Patienten. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: 146-151
- 558 Sartori S, Nielsen I, Trevisani L. et al. Contrast-Enhanced Sonography as Guidance for Transthoracic Biopsy of a Peripheral Lung Lesion With Large Necrotic Areas. J Ultrasound Med 2004; 23: 133-136
- 559 Gorg C, Bert T, Kring R. Contrast-Enhanced Sonography of the Lung for Differential Diagnosis of Atelectasis. J Ultrasound Med 2006; 25: 35-39
- 560 Tozer GM. Measuring tumour vascular response to antivascular and antiangiogenic drugs. Br J Radiol 2003; 76: S23-S35
- 561 Eisenhauer EA, Therasse P, Bogaerts J. et al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: Revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer 2009; 45: 228-247
- 562 Zhu AX, Holalkere NS, Muzikansky A. et al. Early Antiangiogenic Activity of Bevacizumab Evaluated by Computed Tomography Perfusion Scan in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Oncologist 2008; 13: 120-125
- 563 Dietrich CF, Averkiou MA, Correas JM. et al. An introduction into dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) for quantification of tissue perfusion. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: 344-351
- 564 Peronneau P, Lassau N, Leguerney I. et al. Contrast Ultrasonography: Necessity of Linear Data-áProcessing for the Quantification of Tumor Vascularization. Ultraschall in Med 2010; 31: 370-378
- 565 Averkiou M, Lampaskis M, Kyriakopoulou K. et al. Quantification of Tumor Microvascularity with Respiratory Gated Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound for Monitoring Therapy. Ultrasound Med Biol 2010; 36: 68-77
- 566 Williams R, Hudson JM, Lloyd BA. et al. Dynamic Microbubble Contrast-enhanced US to Measure Tumor Response to Targeted Therapy: A Proposed Clinical Protocol with Results from Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Antiangiogenic Therapy. Radiology 2011; 260: 581-590
- 567 Lassau N, Lamuraglia M, Vanel D. et al. Doppler US with perfusion software and contrast medium injection in the early evaluation of isolated limb perfusion of limb sarcomas: prospective study of 49 cases. Ann Oncol 2005; 16: 1054-1060
- 568 Cosgrove D, Lassau N. Imaging of perfusion using ultrasound. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2010; 37: 65-85
- 569 Lamuraglia M, Escudier B, Chami L. et al. To predict progression-free survival and overall survival in metastatic renal cancer treated with sorafenib: Pilot study using dynamic contrast-enhanced Doppler ultrasound. Eur J Cancer 2006; 42: 2472-2479
- 570 Lassau N, Lamuraglia M, Chami L. et al. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Treated with Imatinib: Monitoring Response with Contrast-Enhanced Sonography. Am J Roentgenol 2006; 187: 1267-1273
- 571 De Giorgi U, Aliberti C, Benea G. et al. Effect of Angiosonography to Monitor Response During Imatinib Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11: 6171-6176
- 572 Escudier B, Lassau N, Angevin E. et al. Phase I trial of sorafenib in combination with IFN alpsh-2a in patients with unresectable and/or metastatic renal cell carcinoma or malgnant melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 15: 1801-1809
- 573 Lassau N, Koscielny S, Albiges L. et al. Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Sunitinib: Early Evaluation of Treatment Response Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16: 1216-1225
- 574 Lassau N, Chami L, Koscielny S. et al. Quantitative functional imaging by Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Ultrasonography (DCE-US) in GIST patients treated with masatinib. Invest New Drugs 2012; 30: 765-771
- 575 Lassau N, Koscienly S, Chami L. et al. Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: early evaluation of response to bevacizumab therapy at dynamic contrast-enhanced US with quantification – preliminary results. Radiology 2011; 258: 291-300
- 576 Lassau N, Chapotot L, Benatsou B. et al. Standardization of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Evaluation of Antiangiogenic Therapies: The French Multicenter Support for Innovative and Expensive Techniques Study. Invest Radiol 2012; 47: 711-716
- 577 Lassau N, Bonastre J, Kind M. et al. Validation of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Predicting Outcomes of Antiangiogenic Therapy for Solid Tumors: The French Multicenter Support for Innovative and Expensive Techniques Study. Invest Radiol 2014; 49: 794-800
- 578 Casali PG, Blay JY. On behalf of the ESMO/CONTICANET/EUROBONET Consensus Panel of Experts. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2010; 21: v98-v102